A 3-D energy-harvesting-aware routing scheme for space nanosatellite networks
Abstract
Space wireless networks composed of a large number of low-cost miniaturized nanosatellites enable many promising astronautical applications such as the distributed and cooperative sensing. Data collection via multihop relay is critical for nanosatellite networks. However, due to the small size of onboard solar panels and limited attitude control, energy harvesting (EH) capability of nanosatellites is quite low and unstable. In addition, the space networks have 3-D topologies due to various orbit altitudes. In this paper, we propose a novel 3-D EH-aware routing (3DEHR) scheme for nanosatellite networks. The main idea is to establish the 3-D artificial potential field (APF) based on the EH capabilities and geographic positions of neighboring nanosatellites. A nanosatellite node determines the next hop among its neighbors based on the composite force direction obtained from the APF for data forwarding. We also design the methods in 3DEHR to solve the routing void problem and to circumvent sensitive nodes such as malicious satellites. Simulation results show that 3DEHR outperforms the existing routing schemes in hop stretch and packet delivery rate. Since the routing paths are planned based on the EH capabilities of nanosatellites, the harvested energy in the network is fully utilized and the network lifetime is extended. 3DEHR is suitable for nanosatellite networks in space and other 3-D ad hoc networks with dynamic EH capabilities and topologies.
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Energy efficiency and harvested energy distribution are critical for CubeSat missions, especially when the CubeSat cannot efficiently maintain its attitude towards the solar rays.
“Therefore, the energy efficiency and harvested energy distribution are critical for the CubeSat missions, especially when the CubeSat cannot efficiently maintain its attitude towards the solar rays [6].”
From An Integrated Thermal-Electrical Model for Simulations of Battery Behavior in CubeSats (2021) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Wang, J., Zhang, R., Yuan, J., & Du, X.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern Polytechnical University (CN)
- Temple University (US)
- Venue
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2729-2740
- ISSN
- 2327-4662 (ISSN-L)
- 2372-2541
- OpenAlex
- W2887275251
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571370, 61601365)
- Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province (2016JQ6017)
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3102017GX08003)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Satellite Communication Systems
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks
- Keywords
- energy harvesting, routing, artificial potential field, multi-hop relaying, data collection, malicious nodes, network lifetime, cooperative spectrum sensing
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