Algorithms for Monitoring Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate From the Video of a User’s Face
Open accessAbstract
. In this pilot study, we have introduced a novel iPPG method where by measuring variations in color of reflected light, i.e., Hue, and can therefore measure both HR and respiratory rate (RR) from the video of a subject's face. This paper was performed on 25 healthy individuals (Ages 20-30, 15 males and 10 females, and skin color was Fitzpatrick scale 1-6). For each subject we took two 20 second video of the subject's face with minimal movement, one with flash ON and one with flash OFF. While recording the videos we simultaneously measuring HR using a Biosync B-50DL Finger Heart Rate Monitor, and RR using self-reporting. This paper shows that our proposed approach of measuring iPPG using Hue (range 0-0.1) gives more accurate readings than the Green channel. HR/Hue (range 0-0.1) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-value = 4.1617, and RMSE = 0.8887) is more accurate compared with HR/Green ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-value = 11.60172, and RMSE = 0.9068). RR/Hue (range 0-0.1) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-value = 0.2885, and RMSE = 3.8884) is more accurate compared with RR/Green ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-value = 0.5608, and RMSE = 5.6885). We hope that this hardware agnostic approach for detection of vital signals will have a huge potential impact in telemedicine, and can be used to tackle challenges, such as continuous non-contact monitoring of neo-natal and elderly patients. An implementation of the algorithm can be found at https://pulser.thinkbiosolution.com.
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1/12 (8.33%) assessed that further studies with other clinical and patient-reported data are required to understand the effects of skin pigmentation on accuracy.
“1/12 (8.33%) assessed that further studies with other clinical and patient-reported data are required to understand the effects of skin pigmentation on the accuracy [77]”
From Skin pigmentation influence on pulse oximetry accuracy: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [77]
Objective scales such as the Fitzpatrick Skin Pigmentation (FSP) scale or the Munsell scale were used by 6/37 studies (16.21%) and 4/37 studies (10.81%), respectively.
“We find that objective scales such as the Fitzpatrick Skin Pigmentation (FSP) scale or the Munsell scale were used by 6/37 studies (16.21%) [61,69,70,71,76,77] and 4/37 studies (10.81%) [47,48,74,89], respectively.”
From Skin pigmentation influence on pulse oximetry accuracy: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [77]
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- Authors
- Sanyal, S., & Nundy, K. K.
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 1-11
- ISSN
- 2168-2372 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5957265
- OpenAlex
- W2797516094
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Emotion and Mood Recognition
- Keywords
- photoplethysmography, heart rate monitoring, respiratory rate estimation, facial video, hue, green channel, non-contact vital sign monitoring, telemedicine, neonatal monitoring, elderly patients
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