5G NR-V2X: Toward Connected and Cooperative Autonomous Driving
Open accessAbstract
5G New Radio (NR) is touted as a pivotal enabling technology for the genuine realization of connected and cooperative autonomous driving. Despite numerous research efforts in recent years, a systematic overview on the role of 5G NR in future connected autonomous communication networks is missing. To fill this gap and to spark more future research, this article introduces the technology components of 5G NR and discusses the evolution from existing cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology toward NR-V2X. We primarily focus on the key features and functionalities of the physical layer, sidelink communication and its resource allocation, architecture flexibility, security and privacy mechanisms, and precise positioning techniques. Moreover, we envisage and highlight the potential of machine learning for further performance enhancement in NR-V2X services. Lastly, we show how 5G NR can be configured to support advanced V2X use cases.
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Ahmed, T. H., Tiang, J. J., Mahmud, A., Chung, G. C., & Do, D. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3329872 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Khattak, M. I., Yuan, H., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, M., Khan, A., & Inamullah (2024) · Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies · doi:10.1002/ett.5003 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Autonomous Mutual Authentication Protocol in the Edge Networks
Sheu, R., Pardeshi, M. S., & Chen, L.-C. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22197632 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zhang, L., She, C., Ying, K., Li, Y., & Vucetic, B. S. (2023) · IEEE Wireless Communications Letters · doi:10.1109/lwc.2023.3294910 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Islam, S., Kim, H., Nguyen, T. D., Kim, S., & Yoo, H. (2025) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526804 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Sandesh, R. S., & Santhosh, K. (2025) · Alexandria Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.aej.2025.08.008 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A Tutorial on 5G NR-V2X: Enhancements, Real-World Applications, and Performance Evaluation
Hajisami, A., Weber, R., Misener, J., & Hanif, A. F. (2025) · IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology · doi:10.1109/ojvt.2025.3637712 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Modeling and TOPSIS-GRA Algorithm for Autonomous Driving Decision-Making Under 5G-V2X Infrastructure
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Greta: Towards a General Roadside Unit Deployment Framework
Wu, X., Liu, Z., Li, Z., & Zhao, S. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing · doi:10.1109/tmc.2023.3335853 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Bagheri, H., Noor-A-Rahim, M., Liu, Z., Lee, H., Pesch, D., Moessner, K., & Xiao, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- University of Essex (GB)
- University College Cork (IE)
- Chemnitz University of Technology (DE)
- Venue
- IEEE Communications Standards Magazine
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 48-54
- ISSN
- 2471-2825 (ISSN-L)
- 2471-2833
- OpenAlex
- W3143519386
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 11.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- IEEE Communications Standards Magazine (publishedVersion)
- Open Access at Essex (University of Essex) (acceptedVersion)
- Cork Open Research Archive (University College Cork, Ireland) (submittedVersion)
- Research at York St John (York St John University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Union (857034,101016499,713567)
- Science Foundation Ireland
- European Regional Development Fund (13/RC/2077)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Traffic control and management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety
- Keywords
- 5G NR, NR-V2X, vehicle-to-everything communication, sidelink communication, resource allocation, physical layer, privacy and security, precision positioning
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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