Optimal Charging of Plug-in Electric Vehicles for a Car-Park Infrastructure
Abstract
This paper proposes an intelligent workplace parking garage for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The system involves a developed smart power charging controller, a 75-kW photovoltaic (PV) panel, a dc distribution bus, and an ac utility grid. Stochastic models of the power that is demanded by PHEVs in the parking garage and the output power of the PV panel are presented. In order to limit the impact of the PHEVs' charging on the utility ac grid, a fuzzy logic power-flow controller was designed. Based on their power requirements, the PHEVs were classified into five charging priorities with different rates according to the developed controller. The charging rates depend on the predicted PV output power, the power demand by the PHEVs, and the price of the energy from the utility grid. The developed system can dramatically limit the impact of PHEVs on the utility grid and reduce the charging cost. The system structure and the developed PHEV smart charging algorithm are described. Moreover, a comparison between the impact of the charging process of the PHEVs on the grid with and without the developed smart charging technique is presented and analyzed.
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In recent years, the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated to fulfill worldwide demands of an eco-friendly transportation system.
“In recent years, the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated to fulfill worldwide demands of an eco-friendly transportation system [1,2].”
From Electric Vehicle Battery Supply Chain and Critical Materials: A Brief Survey of State of the Art (2023) · cites this paper as [1]
Cites
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The Central Limit Theorem Around 1935
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Self-citationSmartPark as a Virtual STATCOM
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Smart optimal control of DC-DC boost converter in PV systems
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Integration of sustainable energy sources into DC zonal electric distribution systems
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Self-citationHigh-quality integration of fuel cells energy into electric grids
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Electric Vehicle Battery Supply Chain and Critical Materials: A Brief Survey of State of the Art
Barman, P., Dutta, L., & Azzopardi, B. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en16083369 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Bilayer multi-objective optimal allocation and sizing of electric vehicle parking garage
Faddel, S., Elsayed, A. T., & Mohammed, O. A. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/tia.2018.2803151 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Ma, T., & Mohammed, O. A.
- Affiliations
- Florida International University (US)
- ORCID
- Mohammed, Osama A.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2323-2330
- ISSN
- 0093-9994 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-9367
- OpenAlex
- W2324438397
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 10.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Naval Research and the U.S. Department of Energy
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Smart Grid Energy Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
- Keywords
- plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicle charging, smart charging, photovoltaic power, charging cost reduction, power grid
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