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Initial states-induced complex behaviors in a memristive coupled Hopfield neural network model and its application in biomedical image encryption

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A new image encryption algorithm based on ladder transformation and DNA coding

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Multilevel information fusion for cryptographic substitution box construction based on inevitable random noise in medical imaging

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Construction of multivalued cryptographic boolean function using recurrent neural network and its application in image encryption scheme

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Implementation of Encryption Algorithm and Wireless Image Transmission System on FPGA

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Image encryption based on 5D hyperchaotic system using hybrid random matrix transform

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Even symmetric chaotic and skewed maps as a technique in video encryption

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A New Chaos-Based Cryptoystem for Voice Encryption

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Secure image encryption using a 4D chaotic system and Langton’s ant cellular automaton

Alshehri, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-25929-x · Cited by 18

Security of End-to-End medical images encryption system using trained deep learning encryption and decryption network

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Plaintext Related Optical Image Hybrid Encryption Based on Fractional Fourier Transform and Generalized Chaos of Multiple Controlling Parameters

Tao, L., Liang, X., Wu, Z., Han, L., & Zhu, J. (2023) · Journal of Grid Computing · doi:10.1007/s10723-023-09655-0 · Cited by 16

A novel data encryption method using an interlaced chaotic transform

Gökçay, E., & Tora, H. (2023) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121494 · Cited by 17

Hidden extreme multistability in a smooth flux-controlled memristor based four-dimensional chaotic system and its application in image encryption

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One-Dimensional Pseudo-Chaotic Sequences Based on the Discrete Arnold’s Cat Map Over ℤ₃ᵐ

Souza, C. E. C., Chaves, D. P. B., & Pimentel, C. J. L. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.3010477 · Cited by 16

Breaking an image encryption scheme based on Arnold map and Lucas series

Hanouti, I. E., Fadili, H. E., & Zenkouar, K. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09815-4 · Cited by 17

Designing real-time 3D image security with CA-based random mode decomposition

Zeng, H., Xing, Y., Kim, S.-T., & Li, X. (2022) · Signal Processing · doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2022.108554 · Cited by 15

Pseudo-Chaotic Sequences Generated by the Discrete Arnold’s Map Over Z2m: Period Analysis and FPGA Implementation

Souza, C. E. C., Moreno, D., Chaves, D. P. B., & Pimentel, C. J. L. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3197774 · Cited by 15

Modified echo state network for prediction of nonlinear chaotic time series

Sui, Y., & Gao, H. (2022) · Nonlinear Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s11071-022-07788-7 · Cited by 15

A Novel Chaotic Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Coordinate Descent and SHA-256

Sun, X., & Chen, Z. (2022) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2022.3217520 · Cited by 18

A novel conditional Butterfly Network Topology based chaotic image encryption

Vidhya, R., & Brindha, M. (2020) · Journal of Information Security and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2020.102484 · Cited by 15

A novel image encryption algorithm based on improved key selection and digital chaotic map

Xiang, H., & Liu, L. (2021) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-021-10807-1 · Cited by 15

Image Encryption using Chaotic Techniques: A Survey Study

Ayad, J., Hasan, F. S., Ali, A. H., Hussein, Z. K., Abdulkareem, H. J., Jalil, M. A., Ahmed, G. R., & Sadiq, A. (2021) · International Conference in Advances in Power, Signal, and Information Technology (APSIT) · doi:10.1109/apsit52773.2021.9641262 · Cited by 16

Reversible adaptive chaotic multi-image privacy protection scheme for efficient batch encryption of various images

Jiang, D., & Yan, S. (2025) · Mathematics and Computers in Simulation · doi:10.1016/j.matcom.2025.05.017 · Cited by 14

Designing hardware for a robust high-speed cryptographic key generator based on multiple chaotic systems and its FPGA implementation for real-time video encryption

İnce, E., Karakaya, B., & Türk, M. (2024) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-023-17972-5 · Cited by 14

Security Analysis of Bit plane Level Image Encryption Schemes

Ratan, R., & Yadav, A. (2021) · Defence Science Journal · doi:10.14429/dsj.71.15643 · Cited by 14

Joint block and stream cipher based on a modified skew tent map

Qumsieh, R., Farajallah, M., & Hamamreh, R. A. (2019) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-019-08112-z · Cited by 14

Re-Evaluation of the Security of a Family of Image Diffusion Mechanisms

Chen, J., Zhang, L. Y., & Zhou, Y. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2021.3054508 · Cited by 13

The MSK: a simple and robust image encryption method

Roy, M., Chakraborty, S., & Mali, K. (2021) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-021-10761-y · Cited by 13

A Fast Encryption Scheme Suitable for Video Surveillance Applications Using SHA-256 Hash Function and 1D Sine–Sine Chaotic Map

Panwar, K., Purwar, R. K., & Srivastava, G. (2020) · International Journal of Image and Graphics · doi:10.1142/s0219467821500224 · Cited by 13

A Security-Enhanced Image Communication Scheme Using Cellular Neural Network

Wen, H., Xu, J., Liao, Y., Chen, R., Shen, D., Wen, L., Shi, Y., Lin, Q., Liang, Z., Zhang, S., et al. (2021) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e23081000 · Cited by 13

LAO-3D: A Symmetric Lightweight Block Cipher Based on 3D Permutation for Mobile Encryption Application

Zakaria, A. A., Azni, A. H., Ridzuan, F. H. M., Zakaria, N. H., & Daud, M. (2022) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym14102042 · Cited by 13

A novel and efficient amino acid codon based medical image encryption scheme colligating multiple chaotic maps

Barik, R. C., & Changder, S. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09930-2 · Cited by 13

Multiuser wireless speech encryption using synchronized chaotic systems

Hashemi, S., Pourmina, M. A., Mobayen, S., & Alagheband, M. R. (2021) · International Journal of Speech Technology · doi:10.1007/s10772-021-09821-3 · Cited by 13

Effectiveness of crypto-transcoding for H.264/AVC and HEVC video bit-streams

Shah, R. A., Asghar, M. N., Abdullah, S., Fleury, M., & Gohar, N. (2019) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-019-7451-5 · Cited by 12

Hardware implementation and information security application of a novel chaotic system with a cubic memristor and complex parameters

Jiang, C., Ye, Y., Zhang, F., Kou, L., Bao, H., Zhang, J., & Liu, H. (2025) · Chaos Solitons & Fractals · doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2025.116379 · Cited by 12

Cryptanalysis of cross-coupled chaotic maps multi-image encryption scheme

Singh, L. D., Thingbaijam, R., Patgiri, R., & Singh, K. M. (2024) · Journal of Information Security and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103694 · Cited by 14

A novel dynamic chaotic image encryption using butterfly network topology based diffusion and decision based permutation

Vidhya, R., & Brindha, M. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09462-9 · Cited by 12

FPGA implementation of low cost and low power chaotic encryption scheme based on a discrete-space chaotic map

Bezerra, J. I. M., Machado, G., Soares, R. I., Camargo, V. V. D. A., & Molter, A. (2025) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-024-20537-9 · Cited by 12

Applying Deep Learning to Known-Plaintext Attack on Chaotic Image Encryption Schemes

Wang, F., Sang, J., Huang, C., Cai, B., Xiang, H., & Sang, N. (2022) · IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · doi:10.1109/icassp43922.2022.9746561 · Cited by 11

Human Psychological Disorder towards Cryptography: True Random Number Generator from EEG of Schizophrenics and Its Application in Block Encryption’s Substitution Box

Khan, M. F., Saleem, K., Hazzazi, M. M., Alotaibi, M., Shukla, P. K., Aqeel, M., & Tuncer, S. A. (2022) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2022/2532497 · Cited by 10

To recognize or not to recognize – A database of encrypted images with subjective recognition ground truth

Hofbauer, H., Autrusseau, F., & Uhl, A. (2020) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2020.11.047 · Cited by 11

ARM-Embedded Implementation of a Novel Color Image Encryption and Transmission System Based on Optical Chaos

Liu, B.-C., Xie, Y., Zhang, Y., Ye, Y., Song, T., Liao, X., & Liu, Y. (2020) · IEEE photonics journal · doi:10.1109/jphot.2020.3020077 · Cited by 10

Secret Communication Systems Using Chaotic Wave Equations with Neural Network Boundary Conditions

Chen, Y., Sano, H., Wakaiki, M., & Yaguchi, T. (2021) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e23070904 · Cited by 10

Chaotic Image Cryptography Systems: A Review

Khaleel, A. H., & Abduljaleel, I. Q. (2021) · Samarra Journal of Pure and Applied Science · doi:10.54153/sjpas.2021.v3i2.244 · Cited by 10

Design of highly nonlinear confusion component based on entangled points of quantum spin states

Waseem, H. M., & Hwang, S. O. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-28002-7 · Cited by 11

Co-Design Secure Control Based on Image Attack Detection and Data Compensation for Networked Visual Control Systems

Du, D., Wu, L., Zhang, C., Fei, Z., Yang, L., Fei, M., & Zhou, H. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3206760 · Cited by 10

Beyond Statistical Analysis in Chaos-Based CSPRNG Design

Arockiasamy, J. P., Elizabeth, B. L., & Vaidyanathan, R. U. (2021) · Security and Communication Networks · doi:10.1155/2021/5597720 · Cited by 8

Design and Cryptographic Implementation of an Evolutionary Digital Chaotic Model

Zheng, J., Qian, Y., & Wang, C. H. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2024.3429641 · Cited by 7

Multi-Level Synchronization of Chaotic Systems for Highly-Secured Communication

Zourmba, K., Wamba, J., & Fortuna, L. (2025) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics14132592 · Cited by 7

An Anti-Degradation Chaotic Map and Its Statistical Robustness Analysis

Liu, J., Sun, K., Wang, H., & Liu, W. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2025.3581189 · Cited by 7

A secure symmetric 3-D image encryption framework using quantum chaos and DNA-based encoding

Singh, D., Kaur, H., Verma, C., & Illés, Z. (2025) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2025.104215 · Cited by 7

An Image Cipher Based on Latin Cubes

Xu, M., & Tian, Z. (2020) · International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies (ICICT) · doi:10.1109/icict50521.2020.00033 · Cited by 7

Modified Least Significant Bit Technique for Securing Medical Images

Ogundokun, R. O., Abikoye, O. C., Misra, S., & Awotunde, J. B. (2020) · Lecture notes in business information processing · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63396-7_37 · Cited by 7

Dynamical Analysis and Circuit Design for Malasoma System

Русин, В. Б., & Purwandari, D. (2020) · International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling · doi:10.46336/ijqrm.v1i4.84 · Cited by 7

Chaotic image encryption based on bidimensional empirical mode decomposition and double random phase encoding

Huang, H., He, Y., Yang, S., & Ye, R. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09378-4 · Cited by 7

CryptoLesion

Tanwar, V. K., Raman, B., Rajput, A. S., & Bhargava, R. R. (2020) · ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications · doi:10.1145/3380743 · Cited by 7

A new RGB image encryption algorithm based on hyper-chaotic-discrete-wavelet-packet-transform

Kumar, M. (2023) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-023-17812-6 · Cited by 6

Compound encryption of multiple images by utilizing a novel chaos and nonlinear transform

Tao, L., Liang, X., Hu, B., & Han, L. (2022) · Neural Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s00521-022-07849-3 · Cited by 6

The Illusion of Visual Security: Reconstructing Perceptually Encrypted Images

Yang, Y., Xiang, T., Lv, X., Guo, S., & Zeng, T. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2023.3325906 · Cited by 6

A novel approach for Chaotic image Encryption based on block level permutation and bit-wise substitution

Vidhya, R., & Brindha, M. (2021) · Multimedia tools and applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-021-11720-3 · Cited by 4

Plausible Deniable Medical Image Encryption by Large Language Models and Reversible Content-Aware Strategy

Wu, Y., Liu, X., Cascone, L., Nappi, M., & Wan, S. (2025) · IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics · doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3565271 · Cited by 5

Constructing Digitized Chaotic Time Series with a Guaranteed Enhanced Period

Wang, C., & Ding, Q. (2019) · Complex · doi:10.1155/2019/5942121 · Cited by 3

Cryptanalysis of a Multiround Image Encryption Algorithm Based on 6D Self-Synchronizing Chaotic Stream Cipher

Lin, Z., Feng, Y., & Liang, S. (2023) · International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos · doi:10.1142/s0218127423500281 · Cited by 5

Dynamic analysis and circuit realization of a new controllable hyperchaotic system

Lalili, Y., Bouden, T., Grimes, M., Yalcin, M. E., Lachouri, A., & Α, E. E. (2024) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/1402-4896/ad274e · Cited by 5

Video frames encryption based on DNA sequences and chaos

Wen, W., Tu, R., & Wei, K. (2019) · International Conference on Digital Image Processing · doi:10.1117/12.2540057 · Cited by 5

Initial-condition effects on ReLU-type hyper-jerk system and its application in image encryption

Zhang, Y., Peng, D., Chen, C., Zhao, G., & Zhang, X.-Q. (2023) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/1402-4896/acedd3 · Cited by 5

Mitigating Drawbacks of Logistic Map for Image Encryption Algorithms

Oravec, J., Ovseník, Ľ., Turán, J., & Huszaník, T. (2020) · Computing and Informatics · doi:10.31577/cai_2020_6_1250 · Cited by 5

Chaotic CS Encryption: An Efficient Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Chebyshev Chaotic System and Compressive Sensing

Sun, M., Yuan, J., Li, X., & Liu, D. (2024) · Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print) · doi:10.32604/cmc.2024.050337 · Cited by 4

Enhanced reversible data hiding in encrypted images via median preserving pixel value ordering and block-wise difference preservation

Weng, C.-Y., Lin, T.-W., Weng, H.-Y., & Huang, C.-T. (2025) · Signal Image and Video Processing · doi:10.1007/s11760-025-04054-2 · Cited by 4

Towards the design of new cryptographic algorithm and performance evaluation measures

Farooq, A., Tariq, S., Amin, A., Qureshi, M. A., & Memon, K. H. (2023) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-023-15673-7 · Cited by 4

Numerical analysis of a chaotic coupled hyperbolic PDE system for secure image encryption

Redaud, J., & Sano, H. (2024) · IFAC-PapersOnLine · doi:10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.07.076 · Cited by 4

Implementing Lightweight Image/Video Encryption Cores on Xilinx Zynq

Sadaghiani, S. M., & Zolfy, M. (2020) · Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering · doi:10.1109/icee50131.2020.9260806 · Cited by 4

IOT Based Smart and Secure Surveillance System Using Video Summarization

Priya, M. S., Josephine, D. D., & Abinaya, P. (2021) · Lecture notes in electrical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-33-6977-1_32 · Cited by 4

Conservative dynamics in a novel class of 3D generalized thermostatted systems

Cang, S., Shan, Y., & Wang, Z. (2022) · Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science · doi:10.1063/5.0101570 · Cited by 4

Chaotic Image Encryption: State-of-the-Art, Ecosystem, and the Promise of Quantum-Inspired AI

Zolfaghari, B., Nemati, H., Yanai, N., & Bibak, K. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44807-2_5 · Cited by 3

A Video Visual Security Metric Based on Spatiotemporal Self-Attention

Tang, B., Li, F., Liu, J., & Yang, C. Z. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3459731 · Cited by 3

High Capacity Reversible Data Hiding Algorithm in Encrypted Images Based on Image Adaptive MSB Prediction and Secret Sharing

Qi, K., Zhang, M., Di, F., & Jiang, C. H. (2024) · Tsinghua Science & Technology · doi:10.26599/tst.2023.9010116 · Cited by 3

Integrating Fresnel diffraction, multi-phase retrieval, and hyperchaos mapping for color image encryption

Wu, J., Shen, Y.-N., & Xu, G. (2022) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.478668 · Cited by 3

Visually secure encryption embedded with multiple types of images using semi-tensor product compressed sensing

Fu, J., & Guo, P. (2024) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/1402-4896/ad5e45 · Cited by 3

Synchronization of Chaotic Hyperbolic PDE Systems for Image Encryption Using Backstepping Observer Design

Redaud, J., & Sano, H. (2024) · European Control Conference (ECC) · doi:10.23919/ecc64448.2024.10591290 · Cited by 3

Constructing Highly Nonlinear Cryptographic Balanced Boolean Functions on Learning Capabilities of Recurrent Neural Networks

Waseem, H. M., Hafeez, M. A., Ahmed, S., Deebak, B. D., Munir, N., Majeed, A., & Hwang, S. O. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3477260 · Cited by 3

The approach of hybrid adaptive coupling synchronization among N Lorenz systems and its application in secure communication for multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle formation

Xu, W. G., & Cao, N. (2023) · International Journal of Communication Systems · doi:10.1002/dac.5461 · Cited by 3

Dynamic Analysis of Modified Duffing System via Intermittent External Force and Its Application

He, J., & Cai, J. (2019) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app9214683 · Cited by 3

A novel secure solution of using mixed reality in data transmission for bowel and jaw surgical telepresence: enhanced rivest cipher RC6 block cipher

Donev, R., Alsadoon, A., Prasad, P. W. C., Dawoud, A., Haddad, S., & Alrubaie, A. (2020) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09934-y · Cited by 3

3-Image Bit-Level Encryption Algorithm Based on 3D Nonequilateral Arnold Transformation and Hyperchaotic System

Huang, H., & Cheng, D. (2020) · Security and Communication Networks · doi:10.1155/2020/8841302 · Cited by 3

LVGG-IE: A Novel Lightweight VGG-Based Image Encryption Scheme

Sun, M., Yuan, J., Li, X., Liu, D., & Wei, X. (2024) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e26121013 · Cited by 2

Visual Content Revealing From Perceptually Encrypted Images

Xiao, H., Yang, Y., & Xiang, T. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology · doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2025.3556046 · Cited by 2

Image Encryption Using Lorenz's Attractor and Fractional Fourier Transform

Tekerek, O. E., & Tekerek, A. (2021) · International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC) · doi:10.1109/iisec54230.2021.9672362 · Cited by 2

Securing multimedia videos using space-filling curves

Sadhya, D., Rathore, S. S., Rajput, A. S., & Anand, A. (2022) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-022-13066-w · Cited by 2

Image bit planes approximate reconstruction and encryption based on Gaussian function and multiple parameters chaos

Liang, X., Tao, L., & Hu, B. (2022) · Multimedia Systems · doi:10.1007/s00530-022-00994-8 · Cited by 2

A 3D discrete memristive chaotic map and its application in image encryption

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