A Review of IEC 62351 Security Mechanisms for IEC 61850 Message Exchanges

Hussain, S. M. Suhail; Ustun, Taha Selim; Kalam, Akhtar

doi:10.1109/tii.2019.2956734

Cited by 185Smart Grid Security and ResiliencePower Systems and TechnologiesSmart Grid and Power Systems

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Review of IEC 62351 Security Mechanisms for IEC 61850 Message Exchanges

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Hussain, S. M. Suhail, Ustun, Taha Selim, Kalam, Akhtar·2020·IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics

DOI 10.1109/tii.2019.2956734

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Abstract

Smart grid is the nexus of advanced information and communication technologies and legacy power systems. With increasing awareness on the vulnerabilities of smart grids to cyberattacks, cybersecurity is becoming a prime concern. Earlier, it was assumed that the power system communication protocols are very specialized and different, so the “security by obscurity” approach would be sufficient. However, with the standardization of communication protocols for power utilities and the emergence of the power market, this approach is no longer valid. IEC 62351 Standard has been published to provide security recommendations for different power system communication protocols including IEC 61850. IEC 61850 is emerging as the most promising and popular power system communication standard. Therefore, in this article, a detailed analysis of security threats, possible attacks, and security requirements for IEC 61850 communication is presented. Building on this, the security considerations presented in IEC 62351 for securing different IEC 61850 messages, such as generic object-oriented substation events (GOOSE), sampled values (SV), routable-GOOSE, routable-SV, and manufacturing message specification messages have been presented in great detail.

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IEC 61850 has become the de facto or preferred communication standard for substation automation in the smart grid.
“IEC 61850 [9,10,11,12,13,14] has become the de facto standard for substation communication within the smart grid.”
From Vulnerability and Impact Analysis of the IEC 61850 GOOSE Protocol in the Smart Grid (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
The Abstract (page unavailable) calls IEC 61850 the most promising smart-grid communication standard and says it was initially proposed for substation automation. Section A, “IEC 61850 for power utility automation beyond SAS” (page unavailable), describes its popularity, but says it is poised to become the preferred standard. The copy therefore supports its prominence, not the stronger claim that it has already become the de facto standard. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The IEC 62351 standard was developed to overcome the limitation of insecure IEC 61850-based communication and provide cybersecurity objectives across other communication protocols.
“To overcome this limitation and provide cybersecurity objectives even across the other communication protocols, the IEC 62351 [4,16] standard was developed.”
From Vulnerability and Impact Analysis of the IEC 61850 GOOSE Protocol in the Smart Grid (2021) · cites this paper as [4]

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Authors: Hussain, S. M. S., Ustun, T. S., & Kalam, A.
Affiliations: Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute, AIST (JP)
Victoria University (AU)
ORCID: Hussain, S. M. Suhail
Ustun, Taha Selim
Kalam, Akhtar
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Published: 2020-09
Volume: 16
Issue: 9
Pages: 5643-5654
ISSN: 1551-3203 (ISSN-L)
1941-0050
DOI: 10.1109/tii.2019.2956734
OpenAlex: W2991063899
Cited by: 185
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 9
FWCI: 8.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
vuir.vu.edu.au
Licence: ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html (vor)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
Locations: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics (publishedVersion)
Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Fukushima Prefecture's Reconstruction (2019)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Smart Grid Security and Resilience
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Power Systems and Technologies
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Smart Grid and Power Systems
Keywords: IEC 62351, IEC 61850, smart grid cybersecurity, power system communication security, security threats, cyberattacks, security requirements, geese, sampled values, Manufacturing Message Specification

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A Review of IEC 62351 Security Mechanisms for IEC 61850 Message Exchanges

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