Deep Reinforcement Adversarial Learning Against Botnet Evasion Attacks
Open accessAbstract
As cybersecurity detectors increasingly rely on machine learning mechanisms, attacks to these defenses escalate as well. Supervised classifiers are prone to adversarial evasion, and existing countermeasures suffer from many limitations. Most solutions degrade performance in the absence of adversarial perturbations; they are unable to face novel attack variants; they are applicable only to specific machine learning algorithms. We propose the first framework that can protect botnet detectors from adversarial attacks through deep reinforcement learning mechanisms. It automatically generates realistic attack samples that can evade detection, and it uses these samples to produce an augmented training set for producing hardened detectors. In such a way, we obtain more resilient detectors that can work even against unforeseen evasion attacks with the great merit of not penalizing their performance in the absence of specific attacks. We validate our proposal through an extensive experimental campaign that considers multiple machine learning algorithms and public datasets. The results highlight the improvements of the proposed solution over the state-of-the-art. Our method paves the way to novel and more robust cybersecurity detectors based on machine learning applied to network traffic analytics.
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Intrusion Prevention Through Optimal Stopping
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Detection and prevention of evasion attacks on machine learning models
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Wild Networks: Exposure of 5G Network Infrastructures to Adversarial Examples
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Data Optimization in Deep Learning: A Survey
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EvadeRL: Evading PDF Malware Classifiers with Deep Reinforcement Learning
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Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-Based Botnet Propagation Control in the Social Internet of Things
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Self-citationDouble DQN Method For Botnet Traffic Detection System
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- Authors
- Apruzzese, G., Andreolini, M., Marchetti, M., Venturi, A., & Colajanni, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Liechtenstein (LI)
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1975-1987
- ISSN
- 1932-4537 (ISSN-L)
- 2373-7379
- OpenAlex
- W3111563271
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 5.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Opin vísindi (Opin vísindi) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Network Security and Intrusion Detection
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Spam and Phishing Detection
- Keywords
- botnet detection, evasion attacks, deep reinforcement learning, adversarial attack generation, data augmentation, network traffic analysis
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