A Survey of Self-Supervised and Few-Shot Object Detection
Open accessAbstract
Labeling data is often expensive and time-consuming, especially for tasks such as object detection and instance segmentation, which require dense labeling of the image. While few-shot object detection is about training a model on novel (unseen) object classes with little data, it still requires prior training on many labeled examples of base (seen) classes. On the other hand, self-supervised methods aim at learning representations from unlabeled data which transfer well to downstream tasks such as object detection. Combining few-shot and self-supervised object detection is a promising research direction. In this survey, we review and characterize the most recent approaches on few-shot and self-supervised object detection. Then, we give our main takeaways and discuss future research directions. Project page: https://gabrielhuang.github.io/fsod-survey/.
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There is a clear lack of systematic and comprehensive surveys specifically on FSCIL.
“Despite existing surveys on FSL [27, 28, 29, 30] and IL [5, 6, 7, 11, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35], there is a clear lack of systematic and comprehensive surveys specifically on FSCIL.”
From Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
Existing FSL surveys do not touch upon the issue of FSCIL.
“Existing FSL surveys primarily focus on tackling ML problems with limited data. While they provide systematic classifications of FSL methods, they do not touch upon the issue of FSCIL.”
From Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
Section 4.2, “Important Differences with Few-Shot Classification” (page not available), compares few-shot classification with few-shot object detection but does not assess what existing FSL surveys cover. Searches for FSCIL, few-shot class-incremental learning, and survey coverage found no passage supporting the claim that those surveys omit FSCIL. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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Self-supervised learning: A succinct review
Rani, V., Nabi, S. T., Kumar, M., Mittal, A., & Kumar, K. (2023) · Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11831-023-09884-2 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey
Zhang, J., Liu, L., Silvén, O., Pietikäinen, M., & Hu, D. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2025.3529038 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
- Authors
- Huang, G., Laradji, I., Vazquez, D., Lacoste-Julien, S., & Rodriguez, P.
- Affiliations
- Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute (CA)
- ServiceNow (United States) (US)
- ServiceNow, Canada
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2022
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1-20
- ISSN
- 0162-8828 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-9292
- 1939-3539
- OpenAlex
- W3208441708
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 7.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
- Mitacs
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (rgpin-2017-06936)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
- Keywords
- few-shot object detection, self-supervised learning, object detection, instance segmentation, representation learning, unlabeled data, transfer learning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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