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Grid-Forming Control and Experimental Validation for High Voltage Transformerless Battery Energy Storage System
Abstract
Advantages of single-device large capacity of combining with grid forming (GFM) control effectively help high voltage transformerless battery energy storage system (BESS) to support grid frequency and voltage stability. However, the transient stability characteristics of the converter under current-limiting mode during a fault and its capability to provide effective support to the grid are the major differences from conventional synchronous machines. Therefore, this article first investigates transient synchronization stability problems at occurrence of high-voltage and low-voltage fault-ride-through by theoretically deduced virtual power angle curves considering current limitation mode. Then, the strategies of enhancing transient synchronization stability in face of grid voltage sag and rise are proposed and verified by simulation results. Thereafter, an adaptive gain coefficient is proposed to be embedded into power feedback loop to improve the capability of fast low voltage supporting during fault occurrence. More importantly, a practical 35 kV/10 MW/5 MWh Lithium BESS engineering project validates the GFM control in steady charging/discharging operation and its voltage fault ride through support ability.
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References 30 · Cited by 24
Research works printed but not linked: 30
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wu, X., Wu, S., Wang, F., Wei, C., Li, R., Jiang, X., & Cai, X.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Guangzhou Zhiguang Energy Storage Technology Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- Shanghai CGDG New Energy Technology Company Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
- Published
- 2025-04
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 4889-4901
- ISSN
- 0885-8993 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-0107
- OpenAlex
- W4404914713
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 11
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB4204400)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Microgrid Control and Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Power Systems and Renewable Energy
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Keywords
- grid-forming control, transformerless inverter, battery energy storage, transient synchronization stability, fault ride-through, lithium batteries
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