The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Modeling of Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters for Dynamic Simulation of Large-Scale Distribution Systems
Abstract
Historically, distribution system planning studies mainly focused on steady state and quasi-steady state analysis, with limited attention paid to dynamic analysis. This paper develops three-phase, electromechanical models for both grid-forming and grid-following inverters, and integrates them into an open source, three-phase distribution network solver, thereby enabling dynamic simulation of large-scale, three-phase unbalanced distribution systems with high penetration of inverter-based DERs. The proposed inverter models are validated against electromagnetic simulation and field test data from the CERTS/AEP microgrid testbed, and simulated in an islanded 5252 node distribution system in the GridLAB-D simulation environment. Simulation verifies the effectiveness of the proposed inverter models for large-scale distribution system analysis. Study results show that compared to traditional grid-following inverters, the high penetration of grid-forming inverters can improve the voltage and frequency stability of islanded distribution systems.
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Citations
Cites
Power System Stability and Control
Kundur, P. (1994) · Cited by 19,639
Voltage‐Sourced Converters in Power Systems: Modeling, Control, and Applications
Yazdani, A., & Iravani, R. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470551578 · Cited by 2,264
Control of parallel connected inverters in standalone AC supply systems
Chandorkar, M. C., Divan, D. M., & Adapa, R. (1993) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/28.195899 · Cited by 1,766
Kroposki, B., Johnson, B., Zhang, Y., Gevorgian, V., Denholm, P., Hodge, B.-M., & Hannegan, B. (2017) · IEEE Power and Energy Magazine · doi:10.1109/mpe.2016.2637122 · Cited by 1,367
Micro-Grid Autonomous Operation During and Subsequent to Islanding Process
Katiraei, F., Iravani, M. R., & Lehn, P. W. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery · doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2004.835051 · Cited by 1,150
Smart Distribution: Coupled Microgrids
Lasseter, R. H. (2011) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/jproc.2011.2114630 · Cited by 1,130
Self-citationGrid-Forming Inverters: A Critical Asset for the Power Grid
Lasseter, R. H., Chen, Z., & Pattabiraman, D. (2020) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2019.2959271 · Cited by 864
Self-citationVoltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems : Modeling, Control, and Applications
Yazdani, A., & Iravani, R. (2010) · Cited by 831
Autonomous control of microgrids
Piagi, P., & Lasseter, R. H. (2006) · 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting · doi:10.1109/pes.2006.1708993 · Cited by 830
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Cited by
Grid Forming Inverter Modeling, Control, and Applications
Rathnayake, D. B., Akrami, M., Phurailatpam, C., Me, S. P., Hadavi, S., Jayasinghe, G., Zabihi, S., & Bahrani, B. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3104617 · Cited by 630
Wang, X., & Chen, X. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2026.3684791
Metadata
- Authors
- Du, W., Tuffner, F. K., Schneider, K. P., Lasseter, R. H., Xie, J., Chen, Z., & Bhattarai, B.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
- Published
- 2021-08
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2035-2045
- ISSN
- 0885-8977 (ISSN-L)
- 1937-4208
- OpenAlex
- W3081336446
- Cited by
- 334
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 16.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Du, W., Tuffner, F. K., Schneider, K. P., Lasseter, R. H., Xie, J., Chen, Z., & Bhattarai, B. (2021). Modeling of Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters for Dynamic Simulation of Large-Scale Distribution Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2020.3018647
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