Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel-Cell Vehicles: Architectures and Modeling
Abstract
With the advent of more stringent regulations related to emissions, fuel economy, and global warming, as well as energy resource constraints, electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles have attracted increasing attention from vehicle constructors, governments, and consumers. Research and development efforts have focused on developing advanced powertrains and efficient energy systems. This paper reviews the state of the art for electric, hybrid, and fuel-cell vehicles, with a focus on architectures and modeling for energy management. Although classic modeling approaches have often been used, new systemic approaches that allow better understanding of the interaction between the numerous subsystems have recently been introduced.
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The EMR formalism is based on a systemic modeling approach and organizes models according to their energetic function rather than their physical structure.
“The EMR formalism is based on a systemic modeling approach and organizes models according to their energetic function in the system, rather than their physical structure [38].”
From Flexible Simulation of an Electric Vehicle to Estimate the Impact of Thermal Comfort on the Energy Consumption (2022) · cites this paper as [38]
The structural approach could entail conflicts of association between variables, difficulties to modify the granularity of models and difficulties to define control schemes.
“However, this approach could entail conflicts of association between variables, difficulties to modify the granularity of models and difficulties to define control schemes [38].”
From Flexible Simulation of an Electric Vehicle to Estimate the Impact of Thermal Comfort on the Energy Consumption (2022) · cites this paper as [38]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Chan, C. C., Bouscayrol, A., & Chen, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Université de Lille (FR)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 589-598
- ISSN
- 0018-9545 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-9359
- OpenAlex
- W2164111100
- Cited by
- 792
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 41
- FWCI
- 65.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Vehicle emissions and performance
- Keywords
- electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, energy management, vehicle modeling, subsystem interaction, energy systems
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