Impact of Heating System on the Range of an Electric Vehicle
Abstract
For an accurate evaluation of the driving range of an electric vehicle (EV), many conditions must be considered (road profile, traffic influence, etc.). However, a cabin heating system is not often considered despite its significant impact. In this paper, the impact of the cabin heating system is studied on the driving range of an EV. A real EV is used as a reference. A multidomain model is developed and validated by experimental results on the vehicle. From this validated model, the impact of the heating system on the range is evaluated up to 30% in cold climatic conditions. In a classical approach, an eco-driving mode enables an increase in the range by reducing the vehicle acceleration and velocity. When considering the heating system, the energy balance is more complex: the eco-driving mode can lead to an over-consumption of energy. A better compromise is required as a function of the climatic condition.
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The two main factors influencing BEV range at low temperatures are heating energy requirements and the temperature sensitivity of Li-ion battery cells.
“The two main factors influencing the range of BEVs at low temperatures are the heating energy requirements [11,13,14] and the temperature sensitivity of the Li-ion battery cells [15], which are used primarily in modern BEVs for energy storage.”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
These findings are in the same range as the simulated results by Horrein et al. [13], Ramsey et al. [14], Iora et al. [11], and Michaelides [20].
“These findings are in the same range as the simulated results by Horrein et al. [13], Ramsey et al. [14], Iora et al. [11], and Michaelides [20].”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
Horrein et al. simulated that heating requirements can cut a BEV's range by up to 30%.
“Horrein et al. [13] performed a simulation to show that heating requirements can cut a BEV's range by up to 30%, which is almost the same magnitude Michaelides [20] observed in his investigation simulating a sedan-style EV equipped with a resistance heater at 30 • C temperature difference between cabin and ambient.”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [13]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range
Steinstraeter, M., Heinrich, T., & Lienkamp, M. (2021) · World Electric Vehicle Journal · doi:10.3390/wevj12030115 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
“J. 2021 , 12 , x 15 of 26”
BackgroundSenol, M., Bayram, I. S., Naderi, Y., & Galloway, S. (2023) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2023.3268615 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
- Authors
- Horrein, L., Bouscayrol, A., Lhomme, W., & Depature, C.
- Affiliations
- Université de Lille (FR)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
- Published
- 2017-06
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 4668-4677
- ISSN
- 0018-9545 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-9359
- OpenAlex
- W2529634924
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 7
- FWCI
- 4.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Keywords
- electric vehicles, cabin heating, driving range, energy consumption, eco-driving, cold climate
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