The meningococcal autotransporter AutA is implicated in autoaggregation and biofilm formation
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Summary: Autotransporters ( AT s) are proteins secreted by G ram‐negative bacteria that often play a role in virulence. Eight different AT s have been identified in N eisseria meningitidis , but only six of them have been characterized. AutA is one of the remaining AT s. Its expression remains controversial. Here, we show that the aut A gene is present in many neisserial species, but its expression is often disrupted by various genetic features; however, it is expressed in certain strains of N . meningitidis . By sequencing the autA gene in large panels of disease isolates and W estern blot analysis, we demonstrated that AutA expression is prone to phase variation at AAGC nucleotide repeats located within the DNA encoding the signal sequence. AutA is not secreted into the extracellular medium, but remains associated with the bacterial cell surface. We further demonstrate that AutA expression induces autoaggregation in a process that, dependent on the particular strain, may require extracellular DNA ( eDNA ). This property influences the organization of bacterial communities like lattices and biofilms. In vitro assays evidenced that AutA is a self‐associating AT that binds DNA . We suggest that AutA ‐mediated autoaggregation might be particularly important for colonization and persistence of the pathogen in the nasopharynx of the host.
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Extracellular DNA can act as an agglutinin.
“Extracellular DNA (eDNA), which is often part of biofilm matrices, can also act as an agglutinin [18],[19].”
From Bacterial autoaggregation (2018) · cites this paper as [19]
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Liu, Q., Ou, W., Zhao, J., Ge, X., Mai, K., & ZHANG, Y. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-52588-3
- Authors
- Arenas, J., Cano, S., Nijland, R., van Dongen, V., Rutten, L., van der Ende, A., & Tommassen, J.
- Affiliations
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Institute of Biomembranes Utrecht University Paudalaan 8 Utrecht 3584 CH The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Department of Medical Microbiology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Corresponding author
- Arenas, Jesús
- Venue
- Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-09-09
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1321-1337
- ISSN
- 1462-2912 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-2920
- OpenAlex
- W2122008282
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Keywords
- Neisseria meningitidis, autotransporters, self-aggregation, biofilm formation, phase variation, signal peptide, extracellular DNA, cell surface proteins, bacterial colonization, nasopharynx, virulence factors
- MeSH terms
- Antigens, Bacterial, Bacterial Proteins, Biological Transport, Carrier Proteins, Humans, Meningitis, Meningococcal, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Neisseria meningitidis, Biofilms, Protein Transport, Bacterial Secretion Systems
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