The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Long‐Term Relations of Personality and Health: Dynamisms, Mechanisms, Tropisms
Abstract
There is now little doubt that individuals who are well‐adjusted, socially stable, and well‐integrated into their communities are at significantly lower risk for disease and premature mortality than those who are more unstable, impulsive, isolated, and alienated. The reasons for these associations, however, are complex and the pathways insufficiently studied. This article employs a life‐span data set to explore how childhood personality relates to health‐related growth and development ( dynamisms ), patterns of reactions and health behaviors ( mechanisms ), and movements toward and away from suitable environments ( tropisms ). Illustrations from the 7‐decade Terman longitudinal data reveal important areas in which previous, cross‐sectional research has misinterpreted associations between personality and health. In particular, Sociability has been overrated as a life‐span health risk factor, Conscientiousness has been underrated, and Neuroticism has been confused. Without sufficient attention to the processes underlying the associations between personality and health, significant suboptimal allocations of intervention resources result.
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“A study in a UK cohort (59) also indicated higher neuroticism-related risk for cardiovascular mortality at low SES but lower risk at high SES (with inflammation being a plausible biological mechanism), albeit only in women (a post-hoc probe of 3-way interactions revealed no such gender difference here).”
From Socioeconomic Status Interacts with Conscientiousness and Neuroticism to Predict Circulating Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers (2017) · cites this paper as [59]
In the citing paper
“Friedman has proposed a theory of “healthy” versus unhealthy Neuroticism [26].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
““Healthy neuroticism” encompasses “worried well” tendencies that may facilitate engagement in preventive health behavior to allay concern about acquiring chronic health problems.”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [26]
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Cited by
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Roberts, B. W., Walton, K. E., & Viechtbauer, W. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.1 · Cited by 3,318
Roberts, B. W., Kuncel, N. R., Shiner, R., Caspi, A., & Goldberg, L. R. (2007) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00047.x · Cited by 2,361
Public health significance of neuroticism
Lahey, B. B. (2009) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0015309 · Cited by 1,901
“In turn, these enhanced physiological responses to stress may contribute to health problems (Contrada et al., 1999; Friedman, 2000;T. W. Smith & MacKenzie, 2006).”
BackgroundBogg, T., & Roberts, B. W. (2004) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.6.887 · Cited by 1,632
Social Relationships and Health Behavior Across the Life Course
Umberson, D., Crosnoe, R., & Reczek, C. (2010) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-120011 · Cited by 1,226
“For example, individuals who are low on conscientiousness (“prudent, planful, persistent, dependable,” Friedman 2000, p. 1099) or high on hostility engage in more risky health behavior (Smith & Gallo 2001, Williams 2001).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Friedman, H. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Corresponding author
- Friedman, Howard S.
- ORCID
- Friedman, Howard S.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1089-1107
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W2109712297
- Cited by
- 514
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 12.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG08825, R01AG008825)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- personality and health, personality traits, sociability, conscientiousness, neuroticism, child personality, lifespan development, health behavior, social integration, premature mortality, health risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Child, Female, Humans, Longevity, Male, Middle Aged, Neurotic Disorders, Personality Development, Personality Disorders, Social Adjustment, Health Behavior
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