Ecosystem impacts of pesticide reductions through Bt cotton adoption
Open accessAbstract
This article examines the ecosystem impacts of transgenic Bt cotton technology resulting from reduced chemical pesticide use. Employing unique panel data from smallholder farmers in India, negative environmental and health effects of pesticide use are quantified with the environmental impact quotient (EIQ), with and without Bt technology. An environmentally sensitive dynamic production function is estimated, treating the environmental risk of pesticide toxicity as an undesirable output in the production process. Negative externalities are significantly lower in Bt than in conventional cotton. The reduction in EIQ through Bt technology adoption has increased from 39 per cent during 2002–2004 to 68 per cent during 2006–2008. Bt adoption has also contributed to higher environmental efficiency. Environmental efficiency is influenced by the quality of Bt technology: high-quality Bt seeds are associated with higher environmental efficiency than lower-quality seeds.
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- Authors
- Veettil, P. C., Krishna, V. V., & Qaim, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Delhi (IN)
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Veettil, Prakashan Chellattan
- Venue
- Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-08-16
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 115-134
- ISSN
- 1364-985X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2510889377
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- ageconsearch.umn.edu
- Licence
- Locations
- Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Efficiency Analysis Using DEA
- Keywords
- Bt cotton, genetically modified crops, pesticide reduction, Environmental Impact Quotient, eco-efficiency, negative externalities, smallholder farmers, dynamic production function, conventional cotton, India
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