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The Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders: background, inter‐rater reliability and clinical use
Open accessAbstract
Background: The Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) is a schedule for the diagnosis of autistic spectrum and related disorders and assessment of individual needs. It enables information to be recorded systematically for a wide range of behaviours and developmental skills and is suitable for use with all ages and levels of ability. In addition to helping the clinician to obtain a profile of each individual's pattern of development and behaviour, the DISCO also enables identification of specific features found in autistic spectrum disorders that are relevant for use with established diagnostic systems. Method: This paper describes the historical background of the DISCO, outlines its structure and reports the results of an inter‐rater reliability study with parents of 82 children aged 3 to 11 years with autistic spectrum disorder, learning disability, language disorder or typical development. Results: Inter‐rater reliability for the items in the interview was high (kappa coefficient or intra‐class correlation at .75 or higher). This level of agreement was achieved for over 80% of the interview items.
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“Two psychiatrists (HK and TM) confirmed the diagnosis using the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders.26”
From Oxytocin efficacy is modulated by dosage and oxytocin receptor genotype in young adults with high-functioning autism: a 24-week randomized clinical trial (2016) · cites this paper as [26]
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Complexity of Body Movements during Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Furutani, N., Takahashi, T., Naito, N., Maruishi, T., Yoshimura, Y., Hasegawa, C., Hirosawa, T., & Kikuchi, M. (2021) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e23040418 · Cited by 10
“Abbreviations ADOS-G Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule–Generic ApEn approximate entropy ASD autism spectrum disorder CAP cyclic alternation pattern DFA detrended fluctuation analysis DI digital integration DISCO Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of…”
MethodWallbridge, C. D., McGregor, C., Drozdz, N., Hagen, E. V. D., & Jones, C. R. G. (2023) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-023-01015-y · Cited by 11
“DISCO diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders [43, 79]”
BackgroundMethodYoshikawa, Y., Muramatsu, T., Sakai, K., Haraguchi, H., Kudo, A., Ishiguro, H., Mimura, M., & Kumazaki, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1198433 · Cited by 10
“The DISCO has been reported to exhibit good psychometric properties (27).”
BackgroundHirosawa, T., Kikuchi, M., Fukai, M., Hino, S., Kitamura, T., An, K., Sowman, P. F., Takahashi, T., Yoshimura, Y., Miyagishi, Y., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00568 · Cited by 10
Tromans, S. J., Chester, V., Kapugama, C., Elliott, A., Robertson, S., & Barrett, M. (2019) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-09-2018-0033 · Cited by 10
Shorter P1m Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disabilities
Yoshimura, Y., Ikeda, T., Hasegawa, C., An, K., Tanaka, S., Yaoi, K., Iwasaki, S., Saito, D. N., Kumazaki, H., Hiraishi, H., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22052611 · Cited by 9
“The definitive diagnosis of ASD was made by a psychiatrist with more than 10 years of experience in ASD using the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) [50], and the DSM-IV criteria [51] or the DSM-V [1] at the time of the MEG and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) [24] d…”
MethodPeters-Scheffer, N. C., Didden, R., & Lang, R. B. (2015) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19183-6_12 · Cited by 11
Atypical body movements during night in young children with autism spectrum disorder: a pilot study
Naito, N., Kikuchi, M., Yoshimura, Y., Kumazaki, H., Kitagawa, S., Ikeda, T., Hasegawa, C., Saito, D. N., Tomiyama, S., & Minabe, Y. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43397-y · Cited by 10
Diagnostic tests for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in preschool children
Samtani, A., Sterling-Levis, K., Scholten, R. J. P. M., Woolfenden, S. R., Hooft, L., & Williams, K. J. (2011) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009044 · Cited by 10
SCREENING AND DIAGNOSIS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Nygren, G. (2012) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 10
Denmark, T. (2011) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 10
Concepts and Classification of Schizophrenia
Wing, J., & Agrawal, N. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470987353.ch1 · Cited by 12
Kumazaki, H., Ohnishi, Y., Sumioka, H., & Shiomi, M. (2025) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104704 · Cited by 9
Hasegawa, C., Kikuchi, M., Yoshimura, Y., Hiraishi, H., Munesue, T., Takesaki, N., Higashida, H., Oi, M., Minabe, Y., & Asada, M. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.048 · Cited by 9
Tanaka, S., Oi, M., Fujino, H., Kikuchi, M., Yoshimura, Y., Miura, Y., Tsujii, M., & Ohoka, H. (2016) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2016.1238509 · Cited by 9
Fujii, H., Kidokoro, H., Kondo, Y., Kawaguchi, M., Horigane, S., Natsume, J., Takemoto‐Kimura, S., & Bito, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.970031 · Cited by 8
“She was diagnosed with moderate ID as well as ASD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and developmental coordination disorder, according to the Tanaka-Binet test (Tanaka, 1987) and clinical interview of the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) (Wing et al., 2002).”
MethodReliability of the Commonly Used and Newly-Developed Autism Measures
Frazier, T. W., Whitehouse, A., Leekam, S., Carrington, S. J., Alvares, G. A., Evans, D. W., Hardan, A. Y., & Uljarević, M. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-023-05967-y · Cited by 12
“…samples, it has been shown to have good sensi - tivity and specificity (Carrington et al., 2014, 2015; Kent et al., 2013; Maljaars et al., 2012), and interrater reliability (κ ≥ 0.7) (Wing et al., 2002) and criterion validity (Leekam et al., 2002a; Maljaars et al., 2012; Nygren et al., 2009).”
InfluentialSelf-citationKenny, H., & Stansfield, A. J. (2016) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-03-2016-0009 · Cited by 9
“Baron-Cohen et al. (2005) stated that all existing instruments were designed for children, however, Wing and Gould (2006) highlight that instruments did exist that could be used for both adults and children such as the ASDI (Gillberg et al., 2001) and the DISCO (Wing et al., 2002), which provide relevant information a…”
BackgroundBrief Report: Olfactory Adaptation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Kumazaki, H., Muramatsu, T., Miyao, M., Okada, K.-I., Mimura, M., & Kikuchi, M. (2019) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04053-6 · Cited by 9
Okumura, T., Kumazaki, H., Singh, A., Touhara, K., & Okamoto, M. (2019) · Chemical Senses · doi:10.1093/chemse/bjz070 · Cited by 11
Cederlund, M. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05080-y · Cited by 9
“In addition, it has a developmental perspective and is designed for use from early childhood (Maljars et al., 2012; Nygren et al., 2009; Wing et al., 2002).”
BackgroundMethodEpileptiform discharges relate to altered functional brain networks in autism spectrum disorders
Hirosawa, T., An, K., Soma, D., Shiota, Y., Sano, M., Kameya, M., Hino, S., Naito, N., Tanaka, S., Yaoi, K., et al. (2021) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcab184 · Cited by 9
Sensory Characteristics in ASD
Stewart, M. E., Russo, N. N., Banks, J. O., Miller, L., & Burack, J. A. (2020) · McGill Journal of Medicine · doi:10.26443/mjm.v12i2.280 · Cited by 9
“The DISCO includes 21 items that relate to proximal (e.g. touch, taste, smell, kinaesthetic), auditory, or visual sensory characteristics.”
MethodInfluentialThe spectrum of autistic disorders
Wing, L. (2004) · Hospital Medicine · doi:10.12968/hosp.2004.65.9.15984 · Cited by 10
Self-citationMurphy, D. (2013) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2013.862291 · Cited by 9
Oi, M., Fujino, H., Tsukidate, N., Kamio, Y., Yoshimura, Y., Kikuchi, M., Hasegawa, C., Gondou, K., & Matsui, T. (2017) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3226-x · Cited by 9
Overall prognosis of preschool autism spectrum disorder diagnoses
Brignell, A., Albein‐Urios, N., Woolfenden, S. R., Hayen, A. D., Iorio, A., & Williams, K. J. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012749 · Cited by 9
Pritchard-Rowe, E., de Lemos, C., Howard, K., & Gibson, J. L. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241257601 · Cited by 9
Le concept d’essence et la comorbidité dans les troubles neurodéveloppementaux
Gillberg, C., Pry, R., & Nadel, J. (2019) · Enfance · doi:10.3917/enf2.191.0049 · Cited by 8
ADHD and Nicotine Use in Schizophrenia or Asperger Syndrome
Hallerbäck, M. U., Lugnegård, T., & Gillberg, C. (2012) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054712439099 · Cited by 9
Bertelli, M. O., Salvador‐Carulla, L., & Harris, J. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107588714.003 · Cited by 8
Lukito, S., O’Daly, O., Lythgoe, D. J., Whitwell, S., Debnam, A., Murphy, C. M., Ashwood, K. L., Stoencheva, V., Simonoff, E. A., & Rubia, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00569 · Cited by 9
Shahbazi, M., & Mirzakhani, N. (2021) · Iranian journal of child neurology. · doi:10.22037/ijcn.v15i1.21274 · Cited by 8
Kumazaki, H., Sumioka, H., Muramatsu, T., Yoshikawa, Y., Shimaya, J., Iwanaga, R., Ishiguro, H., Sumiyoshi, T., & Mimura, M. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05173-8 · Cited by 8
Microcephaly in preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Cederlund, M. (2021) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101845 · Cited by 8
Hiraishi, H., Kikuchi, M., Yoshimura, Y., Kitagawa, S., Hasegawa, C., Munesue, T., Takesaki, N., Ono, Y., Takahashi, T., Suzuki, M., et al. (2014) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12261 · Cited by 12
Kurita, T., Kikuchi, M., Yoshimura, Y., Hiraishi, H., Hasegawa, C., Takahashi, T., Hirosawa, T., Furutani, N., Higashida, H., Ikeda, T., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153077 · Cited by 8
“Children were diagnosed by a clinical psychiatrist and a clinical psychologist with more than 5 years of experience in ASD using the Autism Diagnostic Observational ScheduleGeneric (ADOS) [36], the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) [37], the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-…”
MethodThe High-Functioning Group: High-Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome in Adults
Barahona-Corrêa, B. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42713-3_5 · Cited by 14
Diagnosis and treatment of ASD in women in secure and forensic hospitals
Markham, S. (2018) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-09-2018-0027 · Cited by 9
Autism spectrum disorders and social disabilities
Wolf, J. M., FEIN, D. A., & Akshoomoff, N. A. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511545894.009 · Cited by 8
Diagnostic Instruments in Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Lord, C., Corsello, C. M., & Grzadzinski, R. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118911389.hautc25 · Cited by 8
Konishi, S., Kuwata, M., Matsumoto, Y., Yoshikawa, Y., Takata, K., Haraguchi, H., Kudo, A., Ishiguro, H., & Kumazaki, H. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1249000 · Cited by 9
“To determine the number of samples used for model fi tting, we collected a similar number of samples [35] to that reported by Rudovic (28).”
ResultPrevalence of autism in first-episode psychosis in two Hong Kong teaching hospitals
Kwok, T. S., Chan, M. M. Y., Mo, F. Y. M., Hung, S., Leung, P. W. L., Lai, K. Y. C., & Shea, C. K. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241259062 · Cited by 7
“…Observation Schedule, Second edition (ADOS-2; Lord et al., 2012), Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders–11th edition (DISCO-11; Wing et al., 2002) and Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview (3di; Skuse et al., 2004), would allow us to perform ASD-specific…”
Chester, V., Melvin, C. L., Bunning, K., Alexander, R., & Langdon, P. E. (2025) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2025.2558833 · Cited by 7
Sumioka, H., Kumazaki, H., Muramatsu, T., Yoshikawa, Y., Ishiguro, H., Higashida, H., Yuhi, T., & Mimura, M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254675 · Cited by 7
“The DISCO is an instrument of diagnosis with good psychometric properties that comprises items that assess early development and activities of daily life, allowing the interviewer to ascertain the level of functioning of ASD-affected individuals in several other areas apart from social functioning and communication [3…”
MethodJones, C. R. G., Livingston, L. A., Fretwell, C., Uljarević, M., Carrington, S. J., Shah, P., & Leekam, S. (2024) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-024-00603-7 · Cited by 8
“The RBQ-3 questionnaire has its origins in the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) [26].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationShiota, Y., Nishiyama, T., Yokoyama, S., Yoshimura, Y., Hasegawa, C., Tanaka, S., Iwasaki, S., & Kikuchi, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2024.1352480 · Cited by 7
Miniscalco, C. (2008) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.1134 · Cited by 7
“Children showing some features of autistic disorder were subjected to further in-depth examination including an interview with the parent/parents using the Diagnostic Interview for Social and COmmunication disorders (DISCO-10), a semistructured interview covering developmental skills and behaviours linked to the broad…”
MethodDavidson, C., Turner, F., Gillberg, C., Campbell, S. L., Boyd, S., & Minnis, H. (2023) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104415 · Cited by 7
Kumazaki, H., Muramatsu, T., Yoshikawa, Y., Matsumoto, Y., Ishiguro, H., & Mimura, M. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.02.009 · Cited by 7
Yoshimura, Y., Kikuchi, M., Hiraishi, H., Hasegawa, C., Takahashi, T., Remijn, G. B., Oi, M., Munesue, T., Higashida, H., & Minabe, Y. (2016) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.07.009 · Cited by 7
“The ASD diagnosis was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) (DSM-IV) (the American Psychiatric Association, 1994), the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) (Wing et al., 2002), or the ADOS-G (Lord et al.”
Duan, F., Watanabe, K., Yoshimura, Y., Kikuchi, M., Minabe, Y., & Aihara, K. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0184422 · Cited by 7
Billstedt, E. (2007) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 7
Kameya, M., Hirosawa, T., Soma, D., Yoshimura, Y., An, K., Iwasaki, S., Tanaka, S., Yaoi, K., Sano, M., Miyagishi, Y., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1419815 · Cited by 6
“The DISCO, on the other hand, gathers historical information from informants who have known the child since birth.”
MethodWeighted Kappa for Interobserver Agreement and Missing Data
Warrens, M. J., de Raadt, A., Bosker, R., & Kiers, H. A. L. (2025) · Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction · doi:10.3390/make7010018 · Cited by 9
“Ratings are considered reliable if the observers reach a sufficient level of agreement [12–16].”
Hirota, T., Adachi, M., Takahashi, M., Mori, H., Shinkawa, H., Sakamoto, Y., Saito, M., & Nakamura, K. (2021) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyab112 · Cited by 6
Barik, K., Watanabe, K., Bhattacharya, J., & Saha, G. (2023) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/acbe1f · Cited by 9
“The ASD children were diagnosed by an experienced therapist and a clinical psychologist utilizing the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule, Generic (ADOS) [40] and the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders [41] criteria at the time of MEG.”
Watanabe, T., Nishida, K., & Kumazaki, H. (2025) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104423 · Cited by 9
Approaches for Assessing Olfaction in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Kumazaki, H., Okamoto, M., Kanzaki, S., Okada, K.-I., Mimura, M., Minabe, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8609-5_16 · Cited by 6
Ryan, C., & Cogan, S. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05508-z · Cited by 5
Shiota, Y., Soma, D., Hirosawa, T., Yoshimura, Y., Tanaka, S., Hasegawa, C., Yaoi, K., Iwasaki, S., Kameya, M., Yokoyama, S., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.959763 · Cited by 6
“ASD was diagnosed following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV (1) using the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (13) or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (14) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule 2 (15).”
MethodHatakenaka, Y., Hachiya, K., Ikezoe, S., Johnels, J. Å., & Gillberg, C. (2022) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s377534 · Cited by 6
Un segundo espectro del autismo: de la conducta a la neurona
Manzo, J. (2019) · eNeurobiología · doi:10.25009/eb.v10i23.2539 · Cited by 7
Maljaars, J., Noens, I. L. J., SCHOLTE, E. M., & van Berckelaer‐Onnes, I. (2011) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.10.006 · Cited by 6
Davidson, C. J., Kam, A., Needham, F., & Stansfield, A. J. (2015) · Advances in Autism · doi:10.1108/aia-08-2015-0010 · Cited by 6
“We use the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) (Wing et al., 2002) occasionally: we find the DISCO takes longer to complete (up to seven hours in some cases) but can be more useful when assessing complex, high functioning or female individuals.”
MethodEarly assessment and diagnosis of children
Couteur, A. S. L. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511973918.004 · Cited by 6
Attachment and autism spectrum conditions: Exploring Mary Main’s coding notes
Coughlan, B., Marshall-Andon, T., Anderson, J., Reijman, S., & Duschinsky, R. (2019) · Developmental Child Welfare · doi:10.1177/2516103218816707 · Cited by 6
Johnson, C. P., & Myers, S. M. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-04025-9.50018-0 · Cited by 6
Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective
Townsend, J., & Westerfield, M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1364-7_10 · Cited by 6
“Abnormalities in sensory responses are evaluated in some detail by the Diagnostic Interview of Communication and Social Behavior (DISCO) [204, 205] and the Sensory Profile (SP) [206].”
BackgroundLarkin, F., Meins, E., & Leekam, S. (2018) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/infa.12264 · Cited by 6
“…questionnaire was developed from the Repetitive Behaviour Interview (Turner, 1996) and the Diagnostic Interview for Social Communication Disorders (Wing, Leekam, Libby, Gould, & Larcombe, 2002) and has high internal consistency and good reliability (Arnott et al., 2010; Leekam et al., 2007).”
MethodSelf-citationAn, K., Ikeda, T., Hirosawa, T., Yaoi, K., Yoshimura, Y., Hasegawa, C., Tanaka, S., Saito, D. N., & Kikuchi, M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-89393-z · Cited by 7
Measuring autism spectrum disorder: associated features and diagnostic criteria
Kent, R. (2014) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 6
Uljarević, M. (2013) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 6
Makita, K., Kitada, R., Makino, T., Sakakihara, N., Fukuoka, A., & Kosaka, H. (2025) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.13808 · Cited by 5
Krijnen, L., Greaves‐Lord, K., Mandy, W., Mataw, K. J., Hartog, P., & Begeer, S. (2023) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-023-06069-5 · Cited by 8
“Well-known informant-based instruments are the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R; Lord et al., 1994) or the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO; Wing et al., 2002).”
La démarche et les outils d’évaluation clinique du trouble du spectre de l’autisme à l’ère du DSM-5
Bolduc, M., & Poirier, N. (2017) · Revue de psychoéducation · doi:10.7202/1039682ar · Cited by 14
Copy number variations in Japanese children with autism spectrum disorder
Sakamoto, Y., Shimoyama, S., Furukawa, T., Adachi, M., Takahashi, M., Mikami, T., Kuribayashi, M., Osato‐Kaneda, A., Tsushima, D., Saito, M., et al. (2021) · Psychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1097/ypg.0000000000000276 · Cited by 5
“Second, some subjects were comorbid with other NDDs; therefore, we could not rule out the effects of them.”
MethodInfluentialEpidemiology of ASD in Preschool-age Children in Japan
Saito, M., Sakamoto, Y., & Terui, A. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.108674 · Cited by 5
Excessive drinking of fluids in children and adults on the autism spectrum: a brief report
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Gender differences in core symptomatology in autism spectrum disorders across the lifespan
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“All children with ASD met the criteria of the DSM-IV 1 using the Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) 24 or the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule Generic (ADOS-G) 25 and the Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule-2 26 .”
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“The Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders ( DISC O; Wing et al., 2002 ) and the Development, Diagnostic and Dimensional Interview, Third Edition (3di; Skuse et al., 2004 ) are other interview systems used to diagnosis ASD.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAsperger syndrome in the African American community: Barriers to diagnosis
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“1994), the diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders (DISCO; Wing et al. 2002; Wing, 2006), the developmental, dimensional and diagnostic interview (3DI; Skuse et al.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIntervention Models in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Can questions about social interaction correctly identify preschool aged children with autism?
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Identification and Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Update
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“The use of the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO) (Wing, Leekam, Libby, Gould, & Larcombe, 2002 ) may be particularly useful as it is effective for diagnosing disorders within the broader “autism spectrum” (Leekam, Libby, Wing, Gould, & Taylor, 2002 ).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Wing, L., Leekam, S. R., Libby, S. J., Gould, J., & Larcombe, M.
- Affiliations
- Durham University (GB)
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wing, Lorna
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 307-325
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- OpenAlex
- W2118415569
- Cited by
- 694
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 4.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University of Kent
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- disco, autism spectrum disorder, inter-rater reliability, diagnostic interview, learning disabilities, language disorders, parent interviews, developmental assessment, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Autistic Disorder, Child, Communication Disorders, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Sensitivity and Specificity, Social Behavior Disorders, Reproducibility of Results, Observer Variation
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