The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The vaginal microbiome, vaginal anti‐microbial defence mechanisms and the clinical challenge of reducing infection‐related preterm birth
Abstract
Ascending bacterial infection is implicated in about 40–50% of preterm births. The human vaginal microbiota in most women is dominated by lactobacilli. In women whose vaginal microbiota is not lactobacilli‐dominated anti‐bacterial defence mechanisms are reduced. The enhanced proliferation of pathogenic bacteria plus degradation of the cervical barrier increase bacterial passage into the endometrium and amniotic cavity and trigger preterm myometrial contractions. Evaluation of protocols to detect the absence of lactobaciili dominance in pregnant women by self‐measuring vaginal p H, coupled with measures to promote growth of lactobacilli are novel prevention strategies that may reduce the occurrence of preterm birth in low‐resource areas.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery
Goldenberg, R. L., Hauth, J. C., & Andrews, W. W. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200005183422007 · Cited by 2,548
Lozano, R., Wang, H., Foreman, K. J., Rajaratnam, J. K., Naghavi, M., Marcus, J. R., Dwyer-Lindgren, L., Lofgren, K. T., Phillips, D., Atkinson, C., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61337-8 · Cited by 880
Romero, R., Hassan, S. S., Gajer, P., Tarca, A. L., Fadrosh, D. W., Nikita, L., Galuppi, M., Lamont, R. F., Chaemsaithong, P., Miranda, J., et al. (2014) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/2049-2618-2-4 · Cited by 852
Tumor-derived lactic acid modulates dendritic cell activation and antigen expression
Gottfried, E., Kunz-Schughart, L. A., Ebner, S., Mueller-Klieser, W., Hoves, S., Andreesen, R., Mackensen, A., & Kreutz, M. (2006) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2005-05-1795 · Cited by 729
Cited by
The Vaginal Microenvironment: The Physiologic Role of Lactobacilli
Amabebe, E., & Anumba, D. O. C. (2018) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00181 · Cited by 785
The vaginal microbiota, host defence and reproductive physiology
Smith, S. B., & Ravel, J. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271694 · Cited by 441
Role of priority effects in the early-life assembly of the gut microbiota
Sprockett, D., Fukami, T., & Relman, D. A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.173 · Cited by 419
Racial and ethnic differences in preterm birth: a complex, multifactorial problem
Manuck, T. A. (2017) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2017.08.010 · Cited by 334
Mechanisms and therapeutic effectiveness of lactobacilli
Di Cerbo, A., Palmieri, B., Aponte, M., Morales-Medina, J. C., & Iannitti, T. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1136/jclinpath-2015-202976 · Cited by 266
Metadata
- Authors
- Witkin, S.
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-10-15
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 213-218
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- 1471-0528
- OpenAlex
- W2087429133
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 9.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The vaginal microbiome, vaginal anti‐microbial defence mechanisms and the clinical challenge of reducing infection‐related preterm birth. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/1471-0528.13115
- The paper
- Witkin, S. (2015). The vaginal microbiome, vaginal anti‐microbial defence mechanisms and the clinical challenge of reducing infection‐related preterm birth. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13115
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
