Reproductive function in male patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Open accessAbstract
Summary: This study was undertaken to evaluate conventional and some of the main bio‐functional spermatozoa parameters, serum gonadal hormones and didymo‐epididymal ultrasound features in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). DM1 affects an increasing number of men of reproductive age. Diabetes may affect male reproduction by acting on the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis, causing sexual dysfunction or disrupting male accessory gland function. However, data on spermatozoa parameters and other aspects of the reproductive function in these patients are scanty. Thirty‐two patients with DM 1 [27.0 (25.0–30.0 years)] and 20 age‐matched fertile healthy men [28.0 (27.25–30.75 years)] were enrolled. Patients with diabetic neuropathy, other endocrine disorders or conditions known to alter spermatozoa parameters were excluded. Each subject underwent semen analysis, blood withdrawal for fasting and post‐prandial glycaemia, hormonal analysis and didymo‐epididymal ultrasound evaluation before and after ejaculation. Patients with DM 1 had a lower percentage of spermatozoa with progressive motility [10.0 (7.0–12.75) vs. 45.0 (42.0–47.75) %; p < 0.01] and a higher percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal mitochondrial function than controls [47.0 (43.0–55.0) vs. 2.0 (1.0–5.0) %; p < 0.01]. Patients also had greater post‐ejaculatory diameters of cephalic [11.5 (10.2–13.6) vs. 6.0 (4.0–7.0) mm; p < 0.01] and caudal epididymis [5.5 (4.00–7.55) vs. 3.0 (2.0–4.0) mm; p < 0.01] compared to controls, suggesting a lack of the physiological post‐ejaculation epididymal shrinkage. Correlation analysis suggested that progressive motility was associated with fasting glucose (r = −0.68; p < 0.01). The other parameters did not show any significant difference. Patients with DM 1 had a lower percentage of spermatozoa with progressive motility, impaired mitochondrial function and epididymal post‐ejaculatory dysfunction. These findings may explain why patients with DM 1 experience fertility disturbance. Larger multi‐centric studies are necessary to confirm these results.
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Evidence is insufficient to support any particular transitional care model because studies are limited.
“However, due to limited studies there is insufficient evidence to support a particular transitional care model.1536–1541”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [1538]
The Results and the 'Diabetological interest, originality and limitations of the study' section concern reproductive function in men with type 1 diabetes. Searches for transitional care models and transition of care found no passage assessing those models or the evidence for choosing one; the section's reference to limited studies concerns sperm parameters, not transitional care. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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- Authors
- La Vignera, S., Condorelli, R. A., Di Mauro, M., Lo Presti, D., Mongioì, L. M., Russo, G., & Calogero, A. E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Catania Italy
- University of Catania (IT)
- Unit of Pediatrics Teaching Hospital “Policlinico ‐ Vittorio Emanuele” University of Catania Catania Italy
- Venue
- Andrology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-10-07
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1082-1087
- ISSN
- 2047-2919 (ISSN-L)
- 2047-2927
- OpenAlex
- W2181127586
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 6.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Andrology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Male Reproductive Health Studies
- Keywords
- male reproductive function, sperm motility, progressive motility, gonadal hormones, fasting blood glucose, hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, male infertility, semen quality, sexual dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, DNA Damage, Fertility, Humans, Infertility, Male, Male, Mitochondria, Reproduction, Risk Factors, Sperm Count, Sperm Motility, Spermatozoa, Biomarkers, Apoptosis
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