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Preterm birth and social inequality: assessing the effects of material and psychosocial disadvantage in a UK birth cohort
Abstract
Objective: To examine the association between social inequalities and preterm birth, testing both psychosocial and material determinants. Design: Retrospective cohort study with linked hospital data. Setting and population: 17 285 women in England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales giving birth to singletons included in wave 1 of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Methods: Social inequalities were measured with material (household income, housing tenure) and psychosocial (education, occupational class, employment, social support) indicators. Analysis using multivariable logistic regression assessed odds of preterm birth, adjusting for demographics, health and health‐related behaviors, pregnancy and delivery conditions, and pregnancy complications. Main outcome measure: Preterm birth between 24 and 36 weeks, 6 days' gestation. Results: Initial bivariable analysis suggested associations between preterm birth and household income, housing tenure, and education. These effects were largely explained by adjustment for other social determinants in multivariable models. Following full adjustment, effects of unemployment [OR = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–1.90, p < 0.001] and one indicator of poor social support (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.35, p = 0.04) remained significant. Conclusion: Unemployment and lack of social support are associated with higher risk of preterm birth, supporting the hypothesis that poor psychosocial circumstances elevate a woman's risk of this adverse perinatal outcome. Further research is needed to examine the causal pathways through which social inequalities affect preterm birth.
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“For income, there was a significantly increased odds among women in the lowest income group84 in one study but not in another.93”
From Socioeconomic inequalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the UK and Republic of Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“Two studies93 94 reported significantly increased odds of PTB (overall, spontaneous and elective) among unemployed women compared with employed (online supplemental appendix S11, table n).”
From Socioeconomic inequalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the UK and Republic of Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“and there was conflicting evidence91 93 for rented housing (online supplemental appendix S11, table q).”
From Socioeconomic inequalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the UK and Republic of Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [93]
In the citing paper
“The measure of SES used will affect the extent of inequalities observed in preterm birth [63, 64], particularly when considering area-based and individual measures [65, 66].”
From Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in preterm birth: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“different measures of SES are potentially not comparable”
From Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in preterm birth: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [63]
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Cited by
Thomson, K., Moffat, M., Arisa, O., Jesurasa, A., Richmond, C., Odeniyi, A., Bambra, C., Rankin, J., Brown, H., Bishop, J., et al. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042753 · Cited by 154
Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in preterm birth: a systematic review
McHale, P., Maudsley, G., Pennington, A., Schlüter, D. K., Barr, B., Paranjothy, S., & Taylor-Robinson, D. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13438-9 · Cited by 89
Metadata
- Authors
- Snelgrove, J. W., & Murphy, K. E.
- Venue
- Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-04-28
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 766-775
- ISSN
- 0001-6349
- 1600-0412
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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