Cited by 518Thermoregulation and physiological responsesThermal Regulation in MedicineEffects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock

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Skin temperature: its role in thermoregulation

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Romanovsky, A. A.·2014·Acta Physiologica

DOI 10.1111/apha.12231PMC PMC4159593

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Abstract

This review analyses whether skin temperature represents ambient temperature and serves as a feedforward signal for the thermoregulation system, or whether it is one of the body's temperatures and provides feedback. The body is covered mostly by hairy (non‐glabrous) skin, which is typically insulated from the environment (with clothes in humans and with fur in non‐human mammals). Thermal signals from hairy skin represent a temperature of the insulated superficial layer of the body and provide feedback to the thermoregulation system. It is explained that this feedback is auxiliary, both negative and positive, and that it reduces the system's response time and load error. Non‐hairy (glabrous) skin covers specialized heat‐exchange organs (e.g. the hand), which are also used to explore the environment. In thermoregulation, these organs are primarily effectors. Their main thermosensory‐related role is to assess local temperatures of objects explored; these local temperatures are feedforward signals for various behaviours. Non‐hairy skin also contributes to the feedback for thermoregulation, but this contribution is limited. Autonomic (physiological) thermoregulation does not use feedforward signals. Thermoregulatory behaviours use both feedback and feedforward signals. Implications of these principles to thermopharmacology, a new approach to achieving biological effects by blocking temperature signals with drugs, are discussed.

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Authors: Romanovsky, A. A.
Affiliations: St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Romanovsky, A. A.
ORCID: Romanovsky, A. A.
Venue: Acta Physiologica
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2014-02-06
Volume: 210
Issue: 3
Pages: 498-507
ISSN: 1748-1708 (ISSN-L)
1748-1716
DOI: 10.1111/apha.12231
PMC: PMC4159593
OpenAlex: W2164803343
Cited by: 518
References: 68
Citations by year: 2026: 51 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 7
FWCI: 2.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Acta Physiologica (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Amgen
Abbott Laboratories
AbbVie
National Institutes of Health (R01NS41233l)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
Keywords: skin temperature, thermoregulation, feedforward control, feedback control, hairy skin, glabrous skin, thermoreceptors, thermosensation, behavioral thermoregulation, autonomic thermoregulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Body Temperature Regulation, Humans, Skin Temperature

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Skin temperature: its role in thermoregulation

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