Are existing self‐ratings of acute manic symptoms in adults reliable and valid?—A systematic review
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Background: Depression research historically uses both self‐ and clinician ratings of symptoms with significant and substantial correlations. It is often assumed that manic patients lack insight and cannot accurately report their symptoms. This delayed the development of self‐rating scales for mania, but several scales now exist and are used in research. Our objective is to systematically review the literature to identify existing self‐ratings of symptoms of (hypo)mania and to evaluate their psychometric properties. Methods: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Ovid were searched up until June 2018 using the keywords: “(hypo)mania,” “self‐report,” and “mood disorder” to identify papers which included data on the validity and reliability of self‐rating scales for (hypo)mania in samples including patients with bipolar disorder. Results: We identified 55 papers reporting on 16 different self‐rating scales claiming to assess (hypo)manic symptoms or states. This included single item scales, but also some with over 40 items. Three of the scales, the Internal State Scale (ISS), Altman Self‐Rating Mania Scale (ASRM), and Self‐Report Manic Inventory (SRMI), provided data about reliability and/or validity in more than three independent studies. Validity was mostly assessed by comparing group means from individuals in different mood states and sometimes by correlation to clinician ratings of mania. Conclusions: ASRM, ISS, and SRMI are promising self‐rating tools for (hypo)mania to be used in clinical contexts. Future studies are, however, needed to further validate these measures; for example, their associations between each other and sensitivity to change, especially if they are meant to be outcome measures in studies.
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The ASRM revealed good psychometric properties in clinical and healthy adult samples.
“The ASRM revealed good psychometric properties in clinical and healthy adult samples [140]”
From Efficacy of a transdiagnostic Internet prevention approach in adolescents (EMPATIA study): study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as [140]
Section 3.3 reports evidence of ASRM validity in clinical samples and satisfactory internal consistency (0.70) in a healthy sample. But it also reports test–retest reliability of 0.25 in that healthy sample, while the Discussion says validity and reliability data remain limited. Calling its psychometric properties broadly ‘good’ in both groups overstates the review’s qualified assessment; page numbers were not supplied. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Meyer, T. D., Crist, N., La Rosa, N., Ye, B., Soares, J. C., & Bauer, I. E.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- McGovern Medical School Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of Texas HSC at Houston Houston TX USA
- Corresponding author
- Meyer, Thomas D.
- Venue
- Bipolar Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-04-13
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 558-568
- ISSN
- 1398-5647 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-5618
- OpenAlex
- W3013745939
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Bipolar Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- self-report scale, manic symptoms, hypomania, bipolar disorder, psychometric properties, reliability statistics, validity, clinician ratings
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bipolar Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Mood Disorders, Self Report
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