Testosterone and androstenedione are positively associated with anti‐Müllerian hormone in premenopausal women

Islam, Rakibul M.; Bell, Robin J.; Skiba, Marina A.; Davis, Susan R.

doi:10.1111/cen.14592

Cited by 2Ovarian function and disordersHormonal and reproductive studiesSexual Differentiation and Disorders

Testosterone and androstenedione are positively associated with anti‐Müllerian hormone in premenopausal women

Islam, Rakibul M., Bell, Robin J., Skiba, Marina A., Davis, Susan R.·2021·Clinical Endocrinology

DOI 10.1111/cen.14592

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Abstract

Objective: To document associations between anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and circulating androgens in nonhealthcare‐seeking premenopausal women. Design: Community‐based, cross‐sectional study. Setting: Eastern states of Australia. Participants: Women aged 18–39 years not using systemic hormones, not pregnant or breastfeeding within 3 months, and not postmenopausal. Measurements: AMH, measured by the Beckman Access 2, 2 site immunometric assay from fresh samples, and testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 11‐oxygenated C19 steroids, measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Data were available for 794 women, median age of 33 years (range: 18–39). 76.1% were of European ancestry and 48.2% were parous. Serum AMH was positively associated with testosterone (rho = .29, p < .001) androstenedione (rho = .39, p < .001) and DHEA (rho = .10, p = .005) but not 11‐ketoandrostenedione or 11‐ketotestosterone. When adjusted for age, body mass index and smoking, using quantile regression, independent positive associations remained between AMH and testosterone (β coefficient: 20.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.79–28.03; p < .001) and androstenedione (β coefficient: 5.90, 95% CI: 3.76–8.03; p < .001). The serum concentration of testosterone was greater at the top AMH quintile than other quintiles (0.56 nmol/L [range: 0.21–1.90] vs. 0.36 nmol/L [range: 0.13–0.87]; p = .001) in women with self‐reported polycystic ovary syndrome. Conclusions: The positive associations between serum testosterone and androstenedione and AMH in premenopausal women is consistent with androgens directly or indirectly influencing AMH production during follicular development. As the highest AMH concentrations are most likely to be seen in women with multifollicular ovaries, it would be expected that women with multifollicular ovaries would have higher serum testosterone. Therefore, whether hyperandrogenemia and multifollicular ovaries should be considered independent characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome warrants review.

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From Prenatal Origins of Endometriosis Pathology and Pain: Reviewing the Evidence of a Role for Low Testosterone (2023) · cites this paper as [40]

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Authors: Islam, R. M., Bell, R. J., Skiba, M. A., & Davis, S. R.
Affiliations: Monash University (AU)
Corresponding author: Davis, Susan R.
ORCID: Islam, Rakibul M.
Bell, Robin J.
Skiba, Marina A.
Davis, Susan R.
Venue: Clinical Endocrinology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2021-09-15
Volume: 95
Issue: 5
Pages: 752-759
ISSN: 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
1365-2265
DOI: 10.1111/cen.14592
OpenAlex: W3198928382
Cited by: 2
References: 38
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2023: 1
FWCI: 0.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Norman Beischer Medical Research Foundation (NA)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone, testosterone, androstenedione, premenopausal women, androgens, polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian follicle development, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoandrostenedione, 11-ketotestosterone, body mass index
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Androgens, Androstenedione, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Testosterone, Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Young Adult

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Testosterone and androstenedione are positively associated with anti‐Müllerian hormone in premenopausal women

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