Links between screen use and depressive symptoms in adolescents over 16 years: Is there evidence for increased harm?
Abstract
Recent scholarship has been divided on whether an observed increase in suicides in the United States among teenagers and preteens (12-18) can be attributed to an increased use in social screen media beginning in 2009. If these concerns are accurate effect sizes for the relationship between screen use and suicide should increase over the 16 years since 2001. The current study used the Florida Youth Risk Behavior Survey data (n = 45,992) from 2001 to 2017, to track effect sizes for screen/depression correlations, controlling for age and gender. A second dataset from the UK Understanding Society dataset (ns for each wave ranged between 3,536 and 4,850) was used to study associations between time spent on social media and emotional problems. Metaregression was be used to examine whether effect sizes increase across time. Results generally did not support the hypothesis that effect sizes between screen and social media use are increasing over time. Aside from the trends over time, for any given year, most effect sizes were below the r = .10 threshold used for interpretation with the exception of computer use which was just at that threshold. It is concluded that screens and social media use are unlikely to bear major responsibility for youth suicide trends. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76S7cxiaU88.
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Cross-sectional and correlational trend analyses appear to show increases in depression rates alongside increased social media engagement.
“Cross-sectional and correlational trend analyses appear to show increases in depression rates alongside increased social media engagement [(9, 11–14); also see (15), for a contrasting result].”
From Does Social Media Use Increase Depressive Symptoms? A Reverse Causation Perspective (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Ferguson, C. J.
- Affiliations
- Stetson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ferguson, Christopher J.
- Venue
- Developmental Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-07-05
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e13008-e13008
- ISSN
- 1363-755X (ISSN-L)
- 1467-7687
- OpenAlex
- W3038001842
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 3.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2021-07-02)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Keywords
- screen use, social media use, depressive symptoms, adolescents, youth suicide, computer use, Understanding Society, emotional problems
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Computers, Depression, Humans, Risk-Taking, Suicide, United States
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