Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 161

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Natural selection, plasticity and the emergence of a behavioural syndrome in the wild

Adriaenssens, Bart, Johnsson, Jörgen I.·2013·Ecology Letters
DOI 10.1111/ele.12011
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Individuals often show consistent behavioural differences where behaviours can form integrated units across functionally different contexts. However, the factors causing and maintaining behavioural syndromes in natural populations remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide evidence for the emergence of a behavioural syndrome during the first months of life in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta). Behavioural traits of trout were scored before and after a 2‐month interval covering a major survival bottleneck, whereupon the consistency and covariance of behaviours were analysed. We found that selection favoured individuals with high activity levels in an open‐field context, a personality trait consistent throughout the duration of the experiment. In addition, a behavioural syndrome emerged over the 2 months in the wild, linking activity to aggressiveness and exploration tendency. These novel results suggest that behavioural syndromes can emerge rapidly in nature from interaction between natural selection and behavioural plasticity affecting single behaviours.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/ele.12011

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 5 references

Research works printed but not linked: 45

  1. 10.1016/j.tree.2008.12.003 · DOI
  2. 10.1093/beheco/arq185 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Alexander G.R., 1979, Predator‐ prey systems in fisheries management, 153
  4. 10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00320.x · doi:10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00320.x
  5. 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2004.00817.x · DOI · Paper page
  6. 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01081.x · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.12.022 · DOI · Paper page
  8. 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x · DOI · Paper page
  9. 10.1016/j.tree.2008.04.003 · DOI · Paper page
  10. 10.1163/156853905774539328 · DOI
  11. Clark A.B., 1987, Pespectives in ethology
  12. 10.1163/156853905774539445 · DOI · Paper page
  13. 10.1098/rstb.2010.0221 · DOI · Paper page
  14. 10.1098/rspb.2004.2680 · DOI · Paper page
  15. 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01284.x · DOI · Paper page
  16. 10.1098/rspb.2008.1555 · DOI · Paper page
  17. 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01877.x · DOI · Paper page
  18. Dingemanse N.J., Defining behavioural syndromes and the role of “syndrome deviation” in understanding their evolution, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
  19. Elliott J.M., 1994, Quantitative ecology and the brown trout, 10.1093/oso/9780198546788.001.0001 · DOI
  20. 10.1098/rspb.2006.3751 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Godin J.‐G.J., 1997, Behavioural Ecology of Teleost Fishes, 191, 10.1093/oso/9780198547846.003.0008 · DOI
  22. 10.1002/dev.20574 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Hall C., 1932, A study of the rat's behavior in a field. A contribution to method in comparative psychology, Univ. Calif. Pubi. Psychol., 6, 1
  24. 10.1007/s00265-011-1188-0 · doi:10.1007/s00265-011-1188-0
  25. 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb02237.x · DOI · Paper page
  26. 10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00076.x · doi:10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00076.x
  27. 10.1890/06-1353.1 · DOI
  28. 10.1086/319193 · doi:10.1086/319193 · Paper page
  29. 10.1098/rstb.2007.0002 · DOI · Paper page
  30. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.12.002 · DOI
  31. 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1986.tb05190.x · DOI · Paper page
  32. 10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0967:AEOVIE>2.0.CO;2 · doi:10.1577/1548-8675(2001)021<0967:aeovie>2.0.co;2
  33. 10.1163/156853979X00458 · doi:10.1163/156853979x00458
  34. 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01940.x · DOI
  35. 10.1016/j.tree.2004.04.009 · DOI · Paper page
  36. 10.1093/beheco/arm144 · DOI · Paper page
  37. 10.1093/beheco/arq084 · DOI · Paper page
  38. 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00103.x · DOI · Paper page
  39. 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00449.x · DOI · Paper page
  40. 10.1093/beheco/arg089 · DOI · Paper page
  41. 10.1093/beheco/arp018 · DOI · Paper page
  42. 10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.01.009 · DOI
  43. 10.1037/0735-7036.107.3.250 · DOI · Paper page
  44. 10.1098/rstb.2010.0215 · DOI · Paper page
  45. Zar J.H., 1999, Biostatistical Analysis

Cited by

See all 161

Metadata

Authors
Adriaenssens, B., & Johnsson, J. I.
Venue
Ecology Letters
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-10-03
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
47-55
ISSN
  • 1461-023X (ISSN-L)
  • 1461-0248
DOI
10.1111/ele.12011
OpenAlex
W1970631462
Cited by
161
References
5
FWCI
13.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Natural selection, plasticity and the emergence of a behavioural syndrome in the wild. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/ele.12011
The paper
Adriaenssens, B., & Johnsson, J. I. (2013). Natural selection, plasticity and the emergence of a behavioural syndrome in the wild. Ecology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12011

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.