Cited by 682Fire effects on ecosystemsRangeland and Wildlife ManagementEcology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

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Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA(1980–2009)

Balch, Jennifer K., Bradley, Bethany A., D'Antonio, Carla M., Gómez‐Dans, José·2013·Global Change Biology

DOI 10.1111/gcb.12046

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Abstract

Non-native, invasive grasses have been linked to altered grass-fire cycles worldwide. Although a few studies have quantified resulting changes in fire activity at local scales, and many have speculated about larger scales, regional alterations to fire regimes remain poorly documented. We assessed the influence of large-scale Bromus tectorum (hereafter cheatgrass) invasion on fire size, duration, spread rate, and interannual variability in comparison to other prominent land cover classes across the Great Basin, USA. We compared regional land cover maps to burned area measured using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for 2000-2009 and to fire extents recorded by the USGS registry of fires from 1980 to 2009. Cheatgrass dominates at least 6% of the central Great Basin (650 000 km(2) ). MODIS records show that 13% of these cheatgrass-dominated lands burned, resulting in a fire return interval of 78 years for any given location within cheatgrass. This proportion was more than double the amount burned across all other vegetation types (range: 0.5-6% burned). During the 1990s, this difference was even more extreme, with cheatgrass burning nearly four times more frequently than any native vegetation type (16% of cheatgrass burned compared to 1-5% of native vegetation). Cheatgrass was also disproportionately represented in the largest fires, comprising 24% of the land area of the 50 largest fires recorded by MODIS during the 2000s. Furthermore, multi-date fires t…

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Authors: Balch, J. K., Bradley, B. A., D'Antonio, C. M., & Gómez‐Dans, J.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
Environmental Studies Program & Department of Ecology University of California‐Santa Barbara, Evolution and Marine Biology Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
Department of Geography National Centre for Earth Observation and University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK
Corresponding author: Balch, Jennifer K.
ORCID: Balch, Jennifer K.
Bradley, Bethany A.
Venue: Global Change Biology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2012-11
Volume: 19
Issue: 1
Pages: 173-183
ISSN: 1354-1013 (ISSN-L)
1365-2486
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12046
OpenAlex: W2134315730
Semantic Scholar: 460000f67eca2fdf121d8acaab0dfe68def00672
Cited by: 682
References: 59
Citations by year: 2026: 45 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 15
FWCI: 21.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Global Change Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Geological Survey
National Center For Environmental Assessment
Natural Environment Research Council (earth010003)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Rangeland and Wildlife Management
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
Keywords: cheatgrass, invasive annual grasses, fire regime change, fire activity, burned area, fire return interval, Great Basin, land cover, fire spread rate, interannual variability, native vegetation
MeSH terms: Fires, Poaceae, United States

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Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA(1980–2009)

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