Effect of compaction, delayed sealing and aerobic exposure on forage choice and short-term intake of maize silage by goats
Abstract
Abstract Forage choice and intake by ruminants depend on various factors. This study aimed to determine the effects of compaction, delayed sealing and aerobic exposure on forage choice and short‐term dry‐matter intake (DMI) of maize silage by goats. Whole‐crop maize (277 g/kg dry matter [DM]) in 120‐L silos was compacted at either low (194 kg DM/m3) or high (234 kg DM/m3) density, and sealed immediately at day 0 or with a delay at day 2 or day 4 post‐filling, making a total of six treatments. After ensiling for at least 175 days, silages were exposed to air for 6 days. In 2‐day intervals, silages were sampled for chemical analyses and were vacuum‐stored for use in preference trials. During the experimental phase, each possible two‐way combination of the aerobically exposed silages (days 0, 2, 4 and 6 post‐opening) of the treatments and lucerne hay was offered as free choice to goats (n = 5) for 3 hr. Exposing silages to air for >4 days post‐opening caused strong avoidance and lowest intakes. Under the conditions of the study, aerobic exposure after ensiling had a more pronounced effect on silage preference and short‐time DMI than compaction and delayed sealing. Increasing fibre fractions, a deteriorating microbial status and poor silage sensory properties, probably caused by a combination of different fermentation products, can be considered for decrease in preference.
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Achieving rapid anaerobiosis is essential to effective fermentation.
“Achieving rapid anaerobiosis, or the exclusion of air, is essential to effective fermentation.”
From Influence of Ensiling Timing and Inoculation on Whole Plant Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability (Preliminary Research) (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Under anaerobic conditions, lactic acid bacteria thrive, producing lactic acid that lowers pH and preserves silage.
“Under anaerobic conditions, lactic acid bacteria thrive, producing lactic acid that lowers the pH and preserves the silage [2,7,8].”
From Influence of Ensiling Timing and Inoculation on Whole Plant Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability (Preliminary Research) (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Extended exposure increases respiration time of plant cells, leading to decrease in soluble carbohydrates and potential disturbances in fermentation processes.
“This extended exposure increases the respiration time of plant cells, leading to a decrease in the amount of soluble carbohydrates and potential disturbances in the fermentation processes [2,3].”
From Influence of Ensiling Timing and Inoculation on Whole Plant Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability (Preliminary Research) (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Air exposure during ensiling can delay fermentation by allowing undesired aerobic microbes to metabolize forage components, which slows growth of lactic acid bacteria, increases pH, and fosters growth of undesirable organisms such as yeasts and molds.
“Air exposure during the ensiling process can delay fermentation by allowing undesired aerobic microbes to metabolize forage components, which slows down the growth of lactic acid bacteria, increases pH levels, and fosters the growth of undesirable organisms such as yeasts and molds.”
From Influence of Ensiling Timing and Inoculation on Whole Plant Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability (Preliminary Research) (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Delays in sealing can lead to decreased feed intake up to 53% as indicated by Brüning et al. [2].
“leading to decreased feed intake up to 53% as indicated by Brüning et al. [2]”
From Influence of Ensiling Timing and Inoculation on Whole Plant Maize Silage Fermentation and Aerobic Stability (Preliminary Research) (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
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Ensiling in 2050: Some challenges and opportunities
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- Authors
- Brüning, D., Gerlach, K., Weiß, K., & Südekum, K. ‐.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Gerlach, K.
- Venue
- Grass and Forage Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-12-20
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 392-405
- ISSN
- 0142-5242 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2494
- OpenAlex
- W2779678378
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 2.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Grass and Forage Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- corn silage, goats, dry matter intake, silage compaction, aerobic exposure, silage fermentation, fiber content, sensory properties, alfalfa hay
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