The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The metabolic syndrome: time to get off the merry-go-round?: Review: The metabolic syndrome
Open accessAbstract
The diagnostic category of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) has received considerable attention over the last decade, and prestigious organizations continue to strive for its incorporation into medical practice. This review has three goals: (i) summarize the history of the several attempts to define a diagnostic category designated as the MetS; (ii) question the aetiological role of abdominal obesity in the development of the other components of the MetS; and (iii) evaluate a diagnosis of the MetS as an effective way to identify apparently healthy individuals at increased risk to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) or type 2 diabetes (2DM). The most important conclusion is that the MetS seems to be less effective in this population than the Framingham Risk Score in predicting CVD, and no better, if not worse, than fasting plasma glucose concentrations in predicting 2DM.
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“The term Metabolic Syndrome remains the most widely accepted name to describe this cluster of metabolically related CVD risk factors 40 despite vigorous attempts to discard the syndrome as a clinical entity 43, 53.”
From The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more! (2019) · cites this paper as [43]
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“Quite independent of this, several separate and conflicting components and diagnostic criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome had been proposed by different organizations and individuals over past decades.”
From The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more! (2019) · cites this paper as [43]
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Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
Reaven, G. M. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.12.1595 · Cited by 12,154
Self-citationThe metabolic syndrome—a new worldwide definition
Alberti, K. G. M., Zimmet, P., & Shaw, J. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67402-8 · Cited by 9,352
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Reaven, G. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.37.12.1595 · Cited by 3,801
Self-citationThe Metabolic Syndrome: Time for a Critical Appraisal
Kahn, R., Buse, J. B., Ferrannini, E., & Stern, M. P. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.9.2289 · Cited by 2,400
Metabolic Syndrome as a Precursor of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Wilson, P. W. F., D’Agostino, R. B., Parise, H., SULLIVAN, L. M., & Meigs, J. B. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.539528 · Cited by 2,050
Ford, E. S. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.7.1769 · Cited by 1,718
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Grauballe, M. B., Rydnert, J. A. G., Clausen, L. G., Holmstrup, P., Flyvbjerg, A., & Schou, S. (2012) · Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende · doi:10.56373/2012-1-20
Ruiz, A. C. C., Arteaga, C., Torres, E. Q., Chacón, L. J. R., Poveda, M. P., Marizande, F., & Bustillos, A. (2025) · Salud Ciencia y Tecnología · doi:10.56294/saludcyt2024.1289
da Silva, S. B. A., Goltzman, V., Agostinho, B. E. D. C., Dias, F. F., da Fonsêca, B. G. B., & Santiago, L. Â. M. (2025) · Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education · doi:10.37310/ref.v93i4.3003
Li, H., Cong, G., Ma, X., Shi, B., Ye, C., Yan, R., Fu, S., Wang, K., Jia, S., & Wang, J. (2025) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.70860
Freitas, T. O. B., Gomes‐Filho, I. S., da Cruz, S. S., Trindade, S. C., Cerqueira, E. D. M. M., de Lacerda, J. A., dos Santos, H. L. R., Batista, J. E. T., Hintz, A. M., Loomer, P. M., et al. (2025) · Caderno Pedagógico · doi:10.54033/cadpedv22n11-240
Demirel, G., Yirün, A., Güneş, B. Ş., Selvi, S., & Erkekoğlu, P. (2026) · Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi · doi:10.33483/jfpau.1616268
Moriyama, K. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8571942/v1
Points to Consider Regarding Biomarker Measurement and Evaluation in Diabetes Screening
Kimura, T. (2026) · Diabetology · doi:10.3390/diabetology7100192
Association Between Circadian Rhythm Syndrome and Physical Pain in China
Feng, X., Wang, F., Wu, S., Xin, S., Li, X., Zhu, Y., Li, S., Meng, Z., Chen, H., Yang, Y., et al. (2026) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2026.09.021
Johnson, E. C. (2014) · OpenCommons at University of Connecticut (University of Connecticut)
Metadata
- Authors
- Reaven, G. M.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reaven, G. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-12-03
- Volume
- 269
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 127-136
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1492634769
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- metabolic syndrome, diagnostic criteria, abdominal obesity, cardiovascular risk, type 2 diabetes, Framingham risk score, fasting blood glucose, risk prediction, etiology
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Risk Assessment, Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, Abdominal
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