Cited by 224Cancer Genomics and DiagnosticsBioinformatics and Genomic NetworksScience, Research, and Medicine

Systems cancer medicine: towards realization of predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) medicine

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Tian, Q., Price, N. D., Hood, L.·2012·Journal of Internal Medicine

Abstract

A grand challenge impeding optimal treatment outcomes for patients with cancer arises from the complex nature of the disease: the cellular heterogeneity, the myriad of dysfunctional molecular and genetic networks as results of genetic (somatic) and environmental perturbations. Systems biology, with its holistic approach to understanding fundamental principles in biology, and the empowering technologies in genomics, proteomics, single-cell analysis, microfluidics and computational strategies, enables a comprehensive approach to medicine, which strives to unveil the pathogenic mechanisms of diseases, identify disease biomarkers and begin thinking about new strategies for drug target discovery. The integration of multidimensional high-throughput 'omics' measurements from tumour tissues and corresponding blood specimens, together with new systems strategies for diagnostics, enables the identification of cancer biomarkers that will enable presymptomatic diagnosis, stratification of disease, assessment of disease progression, evaluation of patient response to therapy and the identification of reoccurrences. Whilst some aspects of systems medicine are being adopted in clinical oncology practice through companion molecular diagnostics for personalized therapy, the mounting influx of global quantitative data from both wellness and diseases is shaping up a transformational paradigm in medicine we termed 'predictive', 'preventive', 'personalized', and 'participatory' (P4) medicine, which requires new strategies, both scientific and organizational, to enable bringing this revolution in medicine to patients and to the healthcare system. P4 medicine will have a profound impact on society - transforming the healthcare system, turning around the ever escalating costs of healthcare, digitizing the practice of medicine and creating enormous economic opportunities for those organizations and nations that embrace this revolution.

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  • Deep phenotyping integrates genomic sequencing, blood-based omics, microbiome analysis, and wearable device data to capture each patient's unique biological state over time.

    “This strategy integrates genomic sequencing, blood-based omics (e.g., metabolomics and proteomics), microbiome analysis, and wearable device data to capture each patient’s unique biological state over time.”

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Authors
Tian, Q., Price, N. D., & Hood, L.
Affiliations
Institute for Systems Biology (US)
Corresponding author
  • Tian, Q.
  • Hood, L.
Venue
Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-01-17
Volume
271
Issue
2
Pages
111-121
ISSN
  • 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2796
OpenAlex
W2118104220
Cited by
224
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 29
FWCI
1.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (U54 CA151819A)
  • National Cancer Institute (U54 CA151819A, U54CA151819, R00CA126184)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM 076547, P50GM076547)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Science, Research, and Medicine
Keywords
P4 medicine, predictive medicine, preventive medicine, personalized medicine, participatory medicine, tumor markers, systems biology, cancer genomics, single-cell analysis, microfluidics, companion diagnostics, precision oncology, tumor recurrence, health care costs, digital health
MeSH terms
Humans, Medical Oncology, Mutation, Neoplasms, Biomarkers, Tumor, Genome, Human, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics, Proteomics, Systems Biology, Precision Medicine, Single-Cell Analysis

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