The DOI matches its Crossref record; 83 of the 83 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Unintended Effects of Health Communication Campaigns
Abstract
Health communication campaigns, as an outcome of and an input into the social process, can create unintended as well as intended effects. The present paper represents an initial conceptual treatment of the unintended effects, the less studied of the two. It suggests that unintended effects can manifest in multiple dimensions, including those of time lapse, levels of analysis, audience types, content specificity, and valence. On these dimensions, a typology organizes available evidence to offer an outlook on 11 types of unintended effects, including obfuscation, dissonance, boomerang, epidemic of apprehension, desensitization, culpability, opportunity cost, social reproduction, social norming, enabling, and system activation. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Shannon, C. E. (1948) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb00917.x · Cited by 48,949
Rogers, E. M., Singhal, A., & Quinlan, M. M. (2019) · An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research · doi:10.4324/9780203710753-35 · Cited by 37,322
A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
(2017) · Macat Library eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781912282432 · Cited by 18,122
Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity
(1969) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.45.527.642 · Cited by 14,231
To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System
(2000) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/9728 · Cited by 14,044
Social Theory and Social Structure
Ross, E. J., & Merton, R. K. (1958) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3709394 · Cited by 10,315
Slovic, P. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3563507 · Cited by 9,271
The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1981) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv26071r6 · Cited by 8,044
Action Research and Minority Problems
Lewin, K. (1946) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1946.tb02295.x · Cited by 6,554
Cited by
Why health communication is important in public health
Rimal, R. (2009) · Bulletin of the World Health Organization · doi:10.2471/blt.08.056713 · Cited by 340
The Boomerang Effect A Synthesis of Findings and a Preliminary Theoretical Framework
Byrne, S., & Hart, P. S. (2009) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.2009.11679083 · Cited by 313
Communication about health disparities in the mass media
Niederdeppe, J., Bigman, C. A., Gonzales, A. L., & Gollust, S. E. (2013) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/jcom.12003 · Cited by 83
Vulnerabilities in mHealth implementation: a Ugandan HIV/AIDS SMS campaign
Chib, A., Wilkin, H., & Hoefman, B. (2013) · Global Health Promotion · doi:10.1177/1757975912462419 · Cited by 47
Blanton, H., & Ikizer, E. G. (2019) · Social Issues and Policy Review · doi:10.1111/sipr.12055 · Cited by 18
Metadata
- Authors
- Cho, H., & Salmon, C. T.
- Venue
- Journal of Communication
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-03-10
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 293-317
- ISSN
- 0021-9916 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2466
- OpenAlex
- W1977396872
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 83
- FWCI
- 112.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Unintended Effects of Health Communication Campaigns. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00344.x
- The paper
- Cho, H., & Salmon, C. T. (2007). Unintended Effects of Health Communication Campaigns. Journal of Communication. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2007.00344.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
