Cited by 300Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorFree Will and Agency

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Learning-related changes in reward expectancy are reflected in the feedback-related negativity

Open access

Bellebaum, Christian, Daum, Irene·2008·European Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06138.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The feedback‐related negativity (FRN) has been hypothesized to be linked to reward‐based learning. While many studies have shown that the FRN only occurs in response to unexpected negative outcomes, the relationship between the magnitude of negative prediction errors and FRN amplitude remains a matter of debate. The present study aimed to elucidate this relationship with a new behavioural procedure that allowed subjects to predict precise reward probabilities by learning an explicit rule. Insight into the rule did not only influence subjects' choice behaviour, but also outcome‐related event‐related potentials. After subjects had learned the rule, the FRN amplitude difference between non‐reward and reward mirrored the magnitude of the negative prediction error, i.e. it was larger for less likely negative outcomes. Source analysis linked this effect to the anterior cingulate cortex. P300 amplitude was also modulated by outcome valence and expectancy. It was larger for positive and unexpected outcomes. It remains to be clarified, however, whether the P300 reflects a positive prediction error.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06138.x

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Untitled work
(2005) · Cited by 5,977
The neural basis of human error processing: Reinforcement learning, dopamine, and the error-related negativity.
Holroyd, C. B., & Coles, M. G. H. (2002) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.109.4.679 · Cited by 4,027
Is the P300 component a manifestation of context updating?
Donchin, E., & Coles, M. G. H. (1988) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00058027 · Cited by 3,585
Low resolution electromagnetic tomography: a new method for localizing electrical activity in the brain
Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Michel, C. M., & Lehmann, D. (1994) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/0167-8760(84)90014-x · Cited by 2,869
A neural system for error detection and compensation
Gehring, W. J., Goss, B., Coles, M. G. H., Meyer, D. E., & Donchin, E. (1993) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00586.x · Cited by 2,862
Independent Component Analysis Using an Extended Infomax Algorithm for Mixed Subgaussian and Supergaussian Sources
Lee, T.-W., Girolami, M., & Sejnowski, T. J. (1999) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/089976699300016719 · Cited by 1,967
The P300 wave of the human event-related potential
Picton, T. W. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/00004691-199210000-00002 · Cited by 1,908
The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary Gains and Losses
Gehring, W. J., & Willoughby, A. R. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1066893 · Cited by 1,884
Event-related brain potentials following incorrect feedback in a time-estimation task: Evidence for a “generic” neural system for error detection
Miltner, W. H. R., Braun, C. H., & Coles, M. G. H. (1997) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1997.9.6.788 · Cited by 1,530
FMRI visualization of brain activity during a monetary incentive delay task
Knutson, B., Westdorp, A., Kaiser, E., & Hommer, D. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0593 · Cited by 1,414

Show all 43 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

Dum R.P., 1993, Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus: A Comprehensive Review, 414
Van Hoesen G.W., 1993, Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus: A Comprehensive Review, 414
Holroyd C.B., 2004, Errors, Conflicts and the Brain: Current Opinions in Response Monitoring
Talairach J., 1988, Co‐planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain 3‐Dimensional Proportion System: an Approach to Medical Cerebral Imaging

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 300

System justification and electrophysiological responses to feedback: Support for a positivity bias.
Tritt, S. M., Page‐Gould, E., Peterson, J. B., & Inzlicht, M. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/a0035179 · Cited by 8
Rejection in Bargaining Situations: An Event-Related Potential Study in Adolescents and Adults
Zanolie, K., David De Cremer, A., Güroğlu, B., & Crone, E. A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139953 · Cited by 8
Electrophysiological brain indices of risk behavior modification induced by contingent feedback
Megías‐Robles, A., Torres, M. A., Catena, A., Cândido, A., & Maldonado, A. (2018) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.01.003 · Cited by 8
Reinforcement learning in motor skill acquisition: using the reward positivity to understand the mechanisms underlying short- and long-term behavior adaptation
Bacelar, M. F. B., Lohse, K. R., Parma, J. O., & Miller, M. W. (2024) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1466970 · Cited by 7
Valence-dependent Neural Correlates of Augmented Feedback Processing in Extensive Motor Sequence Learning – Part I: Practice-related Changes of Feedback Processing
Margraf, L., Krause, D., & Weigelt, M. (2021) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.016 · Cited by 8
The role of trait empathy in the processing of observed actions in a false-belief task
Bellebaum, C., Ghio, M., Wollmer, M., Weismüller, B., & Thoma, P. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa009 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Reward mechanism of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder: Enhanced theta power in feedback-related negativity
Wang, X., Wu, H., Huang, J., Gao, C., Yin, Y., Tang, X., & Peng, D. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.057 · Cited by 7
Feedback-related negativity is enhanced in adolescence during a gambling task with and without probabilistic reinforcement learning
Martínez-Velázquez, E. S., Ramos‐Loyo, J., González‐Garrido, A. A., & Sequeira, H. (2014) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000000291 · Cited by 7
Enhanced Feedback-Related Negativity in Alzheimer’s Disease
Nitta, E., Onoda, K., Ishitobi, F., Okazaki, R., Mishima, S., Nagai, A., & Yamaguchi, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00179 · Cited by 8
Neural Correlates of Feedback Processing in Visuo-Tactile Crossmodal Paired-Associate Learning
Gui, P., Li, J., Ku, Y., Li, L., Li, X., Zhou, X., Bodner, M., Lenz, F. A., Dong, X.-W., Wang, L., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00266 · Cited by 6
An ERP Study of Expectation Violation in a Social Comparison Context
Du, X., Hitchman, G., Zhang, Q., & Qiu, J. (2014) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000112 · Cited by 6
Polymorphisms that affect GABA neurotransmission predict processing of aversive prediction errors in humans
Baetu, I., Pitcher, J. B., Cohen‐Woods, S., Lancer, B. H., Beu, N., Foreman, L. M., Taylor, P. D., & Burns, N. R. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.058 · Cited by 6
Internal control beliefs and reference frame concurrently impact early performance monitoring ERPs
Pfabigan, D. M., Wucherer, A. M., & Lamm, C. (2018) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-018-0604-6 · Cited by 6
The neural basis of feedback-guided behavioral adjustment
Sun, S., & Wang, S. (2020) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135243 · Cited by 6
Do food images as action outcomes evoke a reward positivity?
Springer, A., Ohlendorf, F., Schober, J., Lange, L., & Osinsky, R. (2021) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105804 · Cited by 6
The relationship between responsiveness to social and monetary rewards and ADHD symptoms
Sütçübaşı, B., Metin, B., Taş, C., Krzan, F., Sarı, B. A., Özçimen, B., & Tarhan, N. (2018) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-018-0609-1 · Cited by 9
Performance monitoring during associative learning and its relation to obsessive-compulsive characteristics
Doñamayor, N., Dinani, J., Römisch, M., Ye, Z., & Münte, T. F. (2014) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.07.013 · Cited by 6
A Nickel Ain't Worth a Dime Anymore: The Illusion of Money and the Rapid Encoding of Its True Value
Yu, R., & Huang, Y. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055025 · Cited by 5
The Importance of Failure: Feedback Related Negativity Predicts Motor Learning Efficiency
Boksem, M., der Helden, J. V., & Blom, J. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71967-6 · Cited by 5
Evidence for Altered Neural Processing in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder
Flasbeck, V., Juckel, G., & Brüne, M. (2020) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000271 · Cited by 5
Affective imagery boosts the reward related delta power in hazardous drinkers
Singh, G., Campbell, E. M., Hogeveen, J., Witkiewitz, K. A., Claus, E. D., & Cavanagh, J. F. (2023) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111685 · Cited by 6
The role of GABAB receptors in human reinforcement learning
Ort, A., Kometer, M., Rohde, J., Seifritz, E., & Vollenweider, F. X. (2014) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.08.013 · Cited by 5
The effect of task difficulty on feedback processing in children
Arbel, Y. (2020) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.014 · Cited by 6
Investigating mechanisms of cognitive control training: neural signatures of PASAT performance in depressed patients
Sommer, A., Fallgatter, A. J., & Plewnia, C. (2021) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-021-02444-7 · Cited by 5
Neural responses to feedback information produced by self-generated or other-generated decision-making and their impairment in schizophrenia
Toyomaki, A., Hashimoto, N., Kako, Y., Murohashi, H., & Kusumi, I. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0183792 · Cited by 5
It’s not what you expect: feedback negativity is independent of reward expectation and affective responsivity in a non-probabilistic task
Highsmith, J. M., Wuensch, K. L., Tran, T. D., Stephenson, A. J., & Everhart, D. E. (2016) · Brain Informatics · doi:10.1007/s40708-016-0050-6 · Cited by 5
Altered Feedback-Related Negativity in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Abe, S., Onoda, K., Takamura, M., Nitta, E., Nagai, A., & Yamaguchi, S. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020203 · Cited by 4
Dorsomedial frontal cortex damage impairs error-based, but not reinforcement-based motor learning in humans
Palidis, D. J., & Fellows, L. K. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad424 · Cited by 4
Declarative Learning Mechanisms Support Declarative but Not Probabilistic Feedback-Based Learning in Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD)
Gul, A., Baron, L. S., Black, K. B., Schafer, A. L., & Arbel, Y. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13121649 · Cited by 4
Prediction Error-Related Memory Enhancement Depends on the Neural State Surrounding the Prediction Error Event
Loock, K., Heinbockel, H., Kalbe, F., & Schwabe, L. (2025) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0739-25.2025 · Cited by 4
Feedback Discounting in Probabilistic Categorization: Converging Evidence from EEG and Cognitive Modeling
Sewell, D. K., Warren, H. A., Rosenblatt, D. H., Bennett, D., Lyons, M., & Bode, S. (2018) · Computational Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1007/s42113-018-0012-6 · Cited by 4
Valence-dependent neural correlates of augmented feedback processing in extensive motor sequence learning – Part II: Predictive value of event-related potentials for behavioral adaptation and learning
Margraf, L., Krause, D., & Weigelt, M. (2021) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.018 · Cited by 4
Simultaneous oscillatory encoding of “hot” and “cold” information during social interactions in the monkey medial prefrontal cortex
Bello, F. D., Falcone, R., & Genovesio, A. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109559 · Cited by 4
Individual differences of conflict monitoring and feedback processing during reinforcement learning in a mock forensic context
Leue, A., Nieden, K., Scheuble, V., & Beauducel, A. (2020) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-020-00776-7 · Cited by 4
Intrinsic Emotional Relevance of Outcomes and Prediction Error
Nahum, L., Barcellona‐Lehmann, S., Morand, S. M., Sander, D., & Schnider, A. (2012) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000066 · Cited by 4
Human Learning About Causation
Baetu, I., & Baker, A. G. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118650813.ch15 · Cited by 4
The Role of the N170 in Linking Stimuli to Feedback—Effects of Stimulus Modality and Feedback Delay
Röhlinger, M., Albrecht, C., & Bellebaum, C. (2025) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.70050 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
Neural Processing of Immediate versus Delayed Feedback in Action–Feedback and Stimulus–Feedback Associations
Röhlinger, M., Albrecht, C., Ghio, M., & Bellebaum, C. (2025) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.a.49 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Effects of subjective and objective task difficulties for feedback- related brain potentials in social situations: An electroencephalogram study
Yokota, Y., & Naruse, Y. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277663 · Cited by 3
The modulation of pain in reward processing is reflected by increased P300 and delta oscillation
Li, X., Zhou, X., Zheng, H., & Wang, C. (2023) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2023.105972 · Cited by 4
Individual differences in electrophysiological responses to performance feedback predict AB magnitude
MacLean, M. H., & Arnell, K. M. (2012) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-012-0140-8 · Cited by 3
Neural indices of associative learning in pre-adolescents: An event-related potential study
Hofmann, J., Keage, H. A. D., Callahan, R., Coussens, S. W., Churches, O. F., & Baetu, I. (2019) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2018.12.006 · Cited by 3
Neural correlates of feedback processing during a sensory uncertain speech - nonspeech discrimination task
Ludowicy, P., Czernochowski, D., Weis, T., Haese, A., & Lachmann, T. (2019) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.017 · Cited by 3
Non-pharmacological treatment of epilepsy
Osuch, B., & Maciejak, P. (2021) · Pharmacotherapy in Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.33450/fpn.2020.11.002 · Cited by 3
Aberrant Reward Anticipating and Processing in Abstinent Heroin Addicts
Li, J., & Yao, H. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems · doi:10.1109/tcss.2023.3290969 · Cited by 3
Yes or no? A study of ErrPs in the “guess what I am thinking” paradigm with stimuli of different visual content
Berkmush-Antipova, A., Syrov, N., Yakovlev, L., Miroshnikov, A., Golovanov, F., Shusharina, N. N., & Kaplan, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1394496 · Cited by 4
Individual differences in feedback processing affect perceptual learning
Muller-Gass, A., Duncan, M., Tavakoli, P., & Campbell, K. B. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.01.017 · Cited by 3
Cooperative update of beliefs and state-transition functions in human reinforcement learning
Higashi, H., Minami, T., & Nakauchi, S. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53600-9 · Cited by 3
Altered Reward Processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Insights from Active and Observational Learning
Vahedi, J., Bahic, A., Chaliani, I., Schilbach, L., Ciupka‐Schön, B., Bellebaum, C., Pietrowsky, R., & Peterburs, J. (2025) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.70142 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
The impact of emotional feedback in learning easy and difficult tasks – an ERP study
Braunwarth, J. I., & Ferdinand, N. K. (2025) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-025-01284-2 · Cited by 4
Aversive anticipations modulate electrocortical correlates of decision-making and reward reversal learning, but not behavioral performance
Bublatzky, F., Schellhaas, S., & Paret, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.908454 · Cited by 2
The impact of social comparison on self-deception: An event-related potentials study
Yang, Y., Zhong, B., Zhang, W., & Fan, W. (2024) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-024-01203-x · Cited by 2
A comparison of reward processing during Becker–DeGroot–Marschak and Vickrey auctions: An ERP study
Newton‐Fenner, A., Hewitt, D., Henderson, J. R., Fallon, N. B., Gu, Y., Gorelkina, O., Giesbrecht, T., & Stančák, A. (2023) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14313 · Cited by 1
The hypothetical cost-conflict monitor: is it a possible trigger for conflict-driven control mechanisms in the human brain?
Zendehrouh, S., Gharibzadeh, S., & Towhidkhah, F. (2014) · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncom.2014.00077 · Cited by 2
Total variation for the analysis of event-related potentials
Klein, A., & Skrandies, W. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.10.012 · Cited by 2
Electrophysiological correlates of feedback processing in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Gómez-Andrés, A., Suades, A., Cucurell, D., de Miquel, M. A., Juncadella, M., & Rodríguez‐Fornells, A. (2019) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102075 · Cited by 2
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF LEARNING AND COGNITIVE CONTROL IN CHILDREN WITH TICS WITH AND WITHOUT ADHD SYMPTOMS
Shephard, E. (2014) · Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham) · Cited by 2
How biological agents can couple neural task modules for dealing with the stability-plasticity dilemmaPreprint
Verbeke, P., & Verguts, T. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/457150 · Cited by 2
A chronometric relationship between circuits underlying learning and error monitoring in the basal ganglia and salience network
Dias, C., Sousa, T., & Castelo-Branco, M. S. (2024) · Imaging Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/imag_a_00343 · Cited by 3
A prospective cohort study estimating total pre-surgical healthcare costs before and two-year total societal costs after resective brain surgery, and quality of life of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing surgery
Maas, L., Peeters, C. B. C. M., Hiligsmann, M., van Kuijk, S. M. J., Tousseyn, S., Kellenaers, J., van Mastrigt, G. A. P. G., Vlooswijk, M. C. G., Klinkenberg, S., Wagner, L., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medical Economics · doi:10.1080/13696998.2025.2473745 · Cited by 1
Reputational concerns in pro-environmental behavior vary across socioeconomic status: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence
Niu, N., Li, J., Li, M., Qi, X., Zhou, X., & Zhong, Y. (2026) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2026.102936 · Cited by 2
Behavioural and electrophysiological (event-related potential) determinants of decision-making in individuals with a smoking habit
Dampuré, J., Agudelo-Orjuela, P., van der Meij, M., Barber, H. A., & Belin, D. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1743972 · Cited by 1
Age differences in socio-emotional feedback processing during learning: an ERP study
Braunwarth, J. I., & Ferdinand, N. K. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1756618
Electrophysiological decomposition of attentional factors on the hypercorrection effect of false lexical representations
Iwaki, N., & Tanaka, S. (2018) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2018.05.002 · Cited by 1
Influence of Trait-Anxiety on Inhibition Function: Evidence from ERP Studies
Luo, Y., Gu, R., & Huang, Y. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/21734 · Cited by 1
Dynamic modulation of neural feedback processing and attention during spatial probabilistic learning
Pütz, C., van den Berg, B., & Lorist, M. M. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104302 · Cited by 2
Are Deaf College Students More Sensitive to Unfair Information? Evidence from an ERP Study
Sun, L., Dong, Q., Du, X., & Wei, D. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14080788 · Cited by 1
Enhancing information security compliance behavior through knowledge interventions: insights from EEG
Wang, Z., Deng, H., & Li, G. (2025) · Information and Computer Security · doi:10.1108/ics-08-2024-0206 · Cited by 1
Trial-by-trial adaptation of decision making performance - a model-based EEG analysis
van Vugt, M. K., Simen, P., Cohen, J. D., Özyurt, J., Anschütz, A., Bernholt, S., & Lenk, J. C. (2011) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 1
EFFECTS OF LOSS AVERSION ON THE EVALUATION OF DECISION OUTCOMES
Kokmotou, A. (2019) · University of Liverpool · doi:10.17638/03046759 · Cited by 1
Lesions of anterior cingulate cortex disrupt an electrophysiological signature of reward processing in humansPreprint
Oerlemans, J., Alejandro, R. J., Hemelsoet, D., Genbrugge, E., Bouche, K., Defreyne, L., Herdt, V. D., & Holroyd, C. B. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.12.04.626789 · Cited by 1
Distinct neural routes for evaluative and informational social influencePreprint
Manivasagam, S., Schultze, T., Schacht, A., & Fischer, A. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.30.685641 · Cited by 1
Electrophysiological Correlates of Cognitive Dysfunction in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A Systematic and Mechanistic Review of EEG, ERP, and QEEG Evidence
Chmiel, J., & Kładna, A. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15155994
Electrophysiological indices of feedback processing
Christie, G. J. (2010) · Open ULeth Scholarship (OPUS) (University of Lethbridge)
The role of race and emotional expressions on trust decisions
Molina, M. I. T. (2014) · Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)
Effects of expectancy and agency on the feedback-related negativity
Anderson, S. J. (2014) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-3643
An Electrophysiological Investigation into the Role of Cognitive Control in the Attentional Blink
MacLean, M. H. (2013) · Brock University Digital Repository (Brock University)
Factors affecting the amplitude of the feedback-related negativity during the balloon analogue risk task
McCoy, A. W. (2015) · K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)
A Generalized Arousal Model of Political Orientation
Tritt, S. M. (2014) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
STATUS AND IDENTITY: AN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC APPROACH
Pfeiffer, M. (2016) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
AN ERP INVESTIGATION OF REWARD SIGNALS FOR DIFFERING CLASSES OF REINFORCING STIMULI
Brown, D. R. (2019) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)
Exploring personality: the impact of impulsivity on decision making and reward processing
Berman, T. (2019) · UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)
Correction: Relative Changes from Prior Reward Contingencies Can Constrain Brain Correlates of Outcome Monitoring
Mushtaq, F., Stoet, G., Bland, A. R., & Schaefer, A. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/annotation/f7a918f4-826a-40a7-814b-b150391297bf
Where is the Money? Dynamics in Feedback Processing and Attention During Spatial Probabilistic LearningPreprint
Pütz, C., van den Berg, B., & Lorist, M. M. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.10.29.466415
A systematic review and meta-analysis of altered electrophysiological markers of performance monitoring in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and AutismPreprint
Bellato, A., Norman, L. J., Idrees, I., Ogawa, C. Y., Waitt, A. E., Zuccolo, P. F., Tye, C., Raduà, J., Groom, M. J., & Shephard, E. (2021) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/t2kus
Dimension-wise Sequential Update for Learning a Multidimensional Environment in Humans
Higashi, H. (2023) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01975
The Predictive Effect of Cognitive Flexibility and Probability Knowledge on Probability Category Learning
Xia, F., Xinguang, S., & Chengzhi, F. (2023) · International Journal of Psychology and Psychoanalysis · doi:10.23937/2572-4037.1510069
Neurocognitive characteristics of perceptual feedback processing differ in autism
Zuk, N. J., Slobodskoy-Plusnin, J. Y., Weiss, Y., Sampath, V., Düsterwald, K. M., Akrami, A., & Ahissar, M. (2026) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1101/2024.07.23.604831
Investigating the relationship between gut microbiota and electrocortical signatures of feedback processing: an ERP study
Lenzoni, S., Hunter, K. A., Heym, N., Heasman, B. C., Blanco, S., Walton, G., Gibson, G. R., Poveda, C. G., Baguley, T. S., Wang, G., et al. (2025) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-025-06878-9
Modulating a neural marker of outcome valence as a function of intention: Feedback-related negativity (FRN) reduction when wins are treated as lossesPreprint
Na, E., & Dyson, B. J. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5413975
EEG Activity Predictive of Learning Through Feedback
Danyluik, M., Chakravarty, S., & Caplan, J. B. (2025) · Computational Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1007/s42113-025-00259-3
Neural indicator of feedback sensitivity characterizes reinforcement learning behavior in adultsPreprint
Khan, M. A., Lin, J., Lu, J., & Zhang, C. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7994034/v1
Learning from feedback is independent from feedback visibility, but supported by aperiodic neural activity
Liu, D., Jia, S., Sun, Y., Colzato, L. S., & Hommel, B. (2026) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121894
Etude des corrélats électrophysiologiques du traitement des erreurs motrices et des mécanismes de l'adaptation sensorimotrice
Torrecillos, F. (2016) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/aa66f432z8f86z4821za5e2z30e11c35f2a4
Troubles du contrôle des impulsions au cours de la maladie de Parkinson, étude électro-encéphalographique de l’intégration de la récompense et modifications de la connectivité fonctionnelle cérébrale de repos en imagerie par résonance magnétique
Carrière, N. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/08ca0910za340z4a0bzaf66z1be41e77e43e
Rôle multifacette de l’activité bêta du cortex médial dans l'encodage de signaux de rétroaction qualitativement distincts
Schwey, A. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e6a60718z9e53z41fez9f78z9841e554d565
The influence of gain- and loss-focused motivational instructions on feedback-processing during learning
Kläser, A. T., & Ferdinand, N. K. (2026) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2026.109287
The Impact of Cognitive Control Training on Error-Monitoring
Ingels, A., Dousset, C., & Campanella, S. (2026) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000362
The Cortical Source of the P300 ERP Generator in the Associative Learning Task: A Consensus of Four Inversion Algorithms
Kalmagambetov, D., Melnikov, M. Y., Zholdassova, M., Kamzanova, A., Abdilmanov, D., Datkhabayeva, G. K., Eliassen, J., Allendorfer, J. B., & Kustubayeva, A. (2026) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci16090953
Motivational Biases in Go and Nogo Learning From Immediate Versus Delayed Feedback
Vahedi, J., Schneider, S., Swiatek, L., Peterburs, J., & Bellebaum, C. (2026) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70717
Self-citation

Authors: Bellebaum, C., & Daum, I.
Affiliations: Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
ORCID: Bellebaum, Christian
Venue: European Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2008-03-31
Volume: 27
Issue: 7
Pages: 1823-1835
ISSN: 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
1460-9568
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06138.x
OpenAlex: W2138877238
Cited by: 299
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 6.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01GW0541)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Free Will and Agency
Keywords: feedback-related negativity, reward expectancy, reward learning, prediction error, P300, outcome valence, outcome expectations, rule induction, anterior cingulate cortex, event-related potentials, choice behavior
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Learning, Male, Motivation, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Reward, Event-Related Potentials, P300, Feedback, Psychological

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Learning-related changes in reward expectancy are reflected in the feedback-related negativity

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks