Greenhouse gas buildup, sardines, submarine eruptions and the possibility of abrupt degradation of intense marine upwelling ecosystems
Abstract
Widespread hypoxia and massive eruptions of noxious, radiatively active gases currently characterize the world's strongest eastern ocean upwelling zone. Theory, modelling results and observations suggest that the world's coastal upwelling zones will undergo progressive intensification in response to greenhouse gas buildup. This presents the prospect of progressive development of similarly degraded marine ecosystems in additional regions and of a contributing feedback loop involving associated additions to the global buildup rate of greenhouse gases, resulting further increases in upwelling intensity, creation of additional sources of greenhouse gas emissions, and so on. Abundant sardine stocks might be a mitigating factor opposing the process.
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The marked difference in ontogeny, generation times, and swimming capabilities between phytoplankton and zooplankton may result in a spatial mismatch between herbivorous zooplankton and their phytoplankton forage, and/or flushing of any weakly mobile organisms from favorable habitats associated with the near-coastal upwelling zone.
“Furthermore, the marked difference in ontogeny, generation times, and swimming capabilities between phytoplankton and zooplankton may result in a spatial mismatch between herbivorous zooplankton and their phytoplankton forage, and/or flushing of any weakly mobile organisms from favorable habitats associated with the near-coastal upwelling zone [36].”
From Anticipated Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems (2015) · cites this paper as [36]
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The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems
Harley, C. D. G., Randall Hughes, A., Hultgren, K. M., Miner, B. G., Sorte, C. J. B., Thornber, C. S., Rodriguez, L. F., Tomanek, L., & Williams, S. L. (2006) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00871.x · Cited by 2,700 · see citing works
Ocean Deoxygenation in a Warming World
Keeling, R. F., Körtzinger, A., & Gruber, N. (2010) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163855 · Cited by 1,712 · see citing works
Anticipated Effects of Climate Change on Coastal Upwelling Ecosystems
Bakun, A., Black, B. A., Bograd, S. J., García-Reyes, M., Miller, A. J., Rykaczewski, R. R., & Sydeman, W. J. (2015) · Current Climate Change Reports · doi:10.1007/s40641-015-0008-4 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Self-citationBakun, A. (2010) · Journal of Marine Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.008 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Bakun, A., & Weeks, S. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Bakun, Andrew
- Venue
- Ecology Letters
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-09-22
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1015-1023
- ISSN
- 1461-023X (ISSN-L)
- 1461-0248
- OpenAlex
- W2110855385
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ecology Letters (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine and fisheries research
- Keywords
- coastal upwelling, marine hypoxia, submarine eruption, sardine, ecosystem degradation, feedback loops, ocean warming, greenhouse gas emissions
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