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A Theory of Self‐regulation: Action versus State Orientation, Self‐discrimination, and Some Applications
Abstract
Cet article résume les théories et les recherches relatives aux activités mentales qui se dissocient du choix conscient. Contrairement à d'autres processus incontrôlables (automatiques), ces activitiés font de lourds prélèvement sur des ressources limitées. Les prédispositions aux dissociations incontrôlables, variables selon les individus, sont appréhendées à partir du trait de personnalité“orientation vers l‘état mental ou vers l'action”. On présente trois théories solidaires qui prétendent introduire à une compréhension plus profonde des cognitions intentionnellement incontrôlables. Le champ des effets comportementaux des cognitions non intentionnelles est sensiblement élargi par l'intégration de la théorie de l'orientation dans une autre théorie, plus vaste, de l'autorégulation. Les antécédents proches et éloignés des cognitions incontrôlables peuvent être mieux compris grâce à une théorie de l'autodiscrimination qui explique les dissociations orientées vers l’état mental à partir d'une intériorisation erronée des attentes, des désirs et des croyances des autres. On discute enfin des applications de ces théories à la clinique, à l‘éducation et aux organisations. This article summarises theory and research concerning mental activities that are dissociated from an individual's current self‐chosen intention. Unlike other uncontrollable (“automatic”) processes, these activities place heavy demands on limited‐capacity resources. Individual differences in the disposition to have uncontrollable dissociations are discussed in terms of the personality construct action vs. state orientation. Three nested theories are described that purport to provide a deeper understanding of intentionally uncontrollable mental cognitions. The scope of behavioural effects of unintended cognitions is substantially enlarged by integrating the theory of state orientation in a comprehensive theory of self‐regulation. Proximal and distal antecedents of uncontrollable cognitions can be better understood on the basis of a theory of self‐discrimination that explains state‐oriented dissociations on the basis of false internalisation of others' beliefs, wishes, and expectations. Educational, clinical, and organisational applications of the theory are discussed.
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Citations
Cites
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Cited by
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Proactive Behavior in Organizations
Crant, J. M. (2000) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920630002600304 · Cited by 2,701
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4. Personal initiative: An active performance concept for work in the 21st century
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kuhl, J.
- Venue
- Applied Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1992-04
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97-129
- ISSN
- 0269-994X (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0597
- OpenAlex
- W2034705945
- Cited by
- 307
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 9.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Kuhl, J. (1992). A Theory of Self‐regulation: Action versus State Orientation, Self‐discrimination, and Some Applications. Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1992.tb00688.x
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