Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 684

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Subjective Well‐Being: The Convergence and Stability of Self‐Report and Non‐Self‐Report Measures

Sandvik, Ed, Diener, Ed, Seidlitz, Larry·1993·Journal of Personality

Abstract

ABSTRACT The validity of self‐report measures of subjective well‐being (SWB) was examined and compared with non‐self‐report measures using a sample of 136 college students studied over the course of a semester. A principal axis factor analysis of self‐ and non‐self‐report SWB measures revealed a single unitary construct underlying the measures. Conventional single‐item and multi‐item self‐report measures correlated highly with alternative measures, with theoretical correlates of SWB, and with a principal axis factor underlying five non‐self‐report measures of well‐being. Comparisons of family versus friend informant reports demonstrated the considerable cross‐situational consistency and temporal stability of SWB. Evidence of the discriminant validity of the measures was provided by low correlations of the various SWB measures with constructs theoretically unrelated to well‐being. It was concluded that conventional self‐report instruments validly measure the SWB construct, and that alternative, non‐serf‐report measures are useful for providing a comprehensive theoretical account of happiness and life satisfaction.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1993.tb00283.x

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 51

  1. 10.1007/978-1-4684-2253-5 · DOI
  2. Beck A., 1978, Beck Depression Inventory
  3. 10.1037/0033-2909.99.2.229 · DOI · Paper page
  4. 10.1037/0096-3445.110.4.451 · DOI
  5. Bradburn N. M., 1969, The structure of psychological well‐being
  6. 10.1037/h0035158 · DOI
  7. 10.1037/h0056800 · DOI
  8. 10.1007/BF01175355 · DOI
  9. 10.1037/0022-3514.48.6.1595 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Costa P. T., 1985, The NEO Personality Inventory manual
  11. 10.1093/geronj/36.1.78 · DOI
  12. DePaulo B. M., 1979, Skill in nonverbal communication, 204
  13. Derogatis L. R., 1975, Brief Symptom Inventory
  14. 10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.492 · DOI
  15. 10.1037/0022-3514.47.4.871 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Diener E., 1991, Subjective well‐being: An interdisciplinary perspective, 119
  17. 10.1007/BF00292649 · DOI
  18. Dulany D. E., 1968, Verbal behavior and general behavior theory, 340
  19. 10.1177/0146167285111008 · DOI · Paper page
  20. 10.1037/0022-3514.50.6.1211 · DOI
  21. 10.1037/0033-295X.87.3.215 · DOI
  22. Fordyce M. W., 1977, The Happiness Measures: A sixty‐second index of emotional well‐being and mental health
  23. 10.1007/BF00302333 · DOI
  24. 10.1016/0022-1031(84)90040-4 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Ghiselli E. E., 1981, Measurement theory for the behavioral sciences
  26. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1954.tb02336.x · DOI
  27. Gough H., 1957, California Personality Inventory
  28. 10.1037/h0073108 · DOI
  29. Hathaway S. R., 1951, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
  30. 10.1037/0003-066X.43.8.621 · DOI
  31. Jackson D., 1967, Personality Research Form
  32. Kammann R. &Flett R.(1983).Sourcebook for measuring well‐being with Affectometer 2. Dunedin New Zealand :Why Not? Foundation. · DOI
  33. Krug S., 1970, IPAT Depression Checklist
  34. Larsen R. J., 1984, Theory and measurement of affect intensity as an individual difference characteristic, Dissertation Abstracts International, 85, 2297B
  35. 10.1016/0092-6566(87)90023-7 · DOI
  36. 10.1007/BF00302532 · DOI
  37. Mehrabian A., 1976, Manual for the questionnaire measure of Stimulus Screening and Arousability
  38. 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1986.tb00396.x · DOI
  39. Nisbett R. E., 1980, Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment
  40. 10.1016/0191-8869(84)90027-8 · DOI
  41. 10.2190/QGJN-0N81-5957-HAQD · DOI · Paper page
  42. Otis A. S., 1939, Otis Quick Scoring Mental Abilities Test
  43. Pavot W., A review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale, Psychological Assessment
  44. 10.1016/0191-8869(90)90157-M · DOI
  45. 10.1086/224378 · DOI
  46. 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1024 · DOI · Paper page
  47. 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1257 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Schwarz N., 1991, Subjective well‐being: An interdisciplinary perspective, 27
  49. 10.1521/soco.1988.6.2.107 · DOI
  50. Seidlitz L., 1993, Memory for positive versus negative life events: Theories for the differences between happy and unhappy persons, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 654, 10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.654 · DOI
  51. 10.1207/s15327752jpa4404_11 · DOI

Cited by

See all 684

Metadata

Authors
Sandvik, E., Diener, E., & Seidlitz, L.
Venue
Journal of Personality
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1993-09
Volume
61
Issue
3
Pages
317-342
ISSN
  • 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-6494
OpenAlex
W2077761924
Cited by
684
References
11
FWCI
7.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.