Cited by 2,899Cognitive Abilities and TestingChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAnimal Behavior and Reproduction

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

How People Make Their Own Environments: A Theory of Genotype Environment Effects

Scarr, Sandra, McCartney, Kathleen·1983·Child Development

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1983.tb03884.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

We propose a theory of development in which experience is directed by genotypes. Genotypic differences are proposed to affect phenotypic differences, both directly and through experience, via 3 kinds of genotype leads to environment effects: a passive kind, through environments provided by biologically related parents; an evocative kind, through responses elicited by individuals from others; and an active kind, through the selection of different environments by different people. The theory adapts the 3 kinds of genotype-environment correlations proposed by Plomin, DeFries, and Loehlin in a developmental model that is used to explain results from studies of deprivation, intervention, twins, and families.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1983.tb03884.x

Cites

51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Structure and Strategy in Learning to Talk
Nelson, K. L. (1973) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1165788 · Cited by 1,926
A reinterpretation of the direction of effects in studies of socialization.
Bell, R. Q. (1968) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0025583 · Cited by 1,872
Genotype-environment interaction and correlation in the analysis of human behavior.
Plomin, R., DeFries, J. C., & Loehlin, J. C. (1977) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.84.2.309 · Cited by 1,685
Intelligence and Experience
Silverstein, A. B., & Hunt, J. (1962) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-196211000-00016 · Cited by 1,205
The Science and Politics of IQ
Fulker, D., & Kamin, L. J. (1975) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421782 · Cited by 1,001
Language and learning : The debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky. Edited by Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1980. Pp. xxxvi, 409. $20.00.
Hill, J. H. (1981) · Language · doi:10.2307/414255 · Cited by 755
Language and learning: the debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky
Piattelli‐Palmarini, M. (1980) · Cited by 638
Early Experience: Myth and Evidence
Clarke, A. M., & Clarke, A. D. B. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 526
Handbook of cross-cultural human development
Munroe, R. H. C., Munroe, R. L., & Whiting, B. B. (1981) · Garland STPM Press eBooks · Cited by 492
Twins: A Study of Heredity and Environment.
Ciocco, A., NEWMAN, H. H., Freeman, F. N., & Holzinger, K. J. (1937) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2279415 · Cited by 453

Show all 46 references

Research works printed but not linked: 8

Bersheid E, 1974, Advances in experimental social ysychology
Caldwell B M, 1968, Early child The new perspectives
Chomsky N, 1980, Language and learning The debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky
Cronbach L J, 1977, Attitudes and instructional methods
Maccoby E E, 1980, Social development
Piaget J, 1980, Language and learning The debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky
Scarr S, 1981, IQ Race, social class and individual differences, new studies of old problems
Scarr S, Manual of child psychology Infancy and the biology of development, 2

Sorted by citations

Items 2,801–2,899 of 2,899

An Research Review of the Causes of Metacognitive Discrepancy in Young Musicians in Instrumental Practice
Xiong, Y. (2022) · doi:10.2991/978-2-494069-51-0_47
Entwicklungsförderung von durchschnittlichen Kindern
Martin, R. P., Lease, A. M., & Slobodskaya, H. R. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20481-4_7
Genes influence parental investment in their child from conception to writing a will
(2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01619-4
Genetic susceptibility to peers
Schlomer, G. L., Griffin, A. M., Cleveland, H. H., & Vandenbergh, D. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197602317.003.0012
The Emergence of Social Folds: How the Environment Contributes to the Creation of Ambivalent Social Actors
Moñivas, J. R. (2023) · Society · doi:10.1007/s12115-023-00929-7
From Conflict to Companionship
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0003
Notes
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.002.0007
Copyright Page
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.002.0003
Wrong Turns and Dead Ends
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0011
Becoming Adult
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0013
Preface to the Third Edition
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.002.0005
Sometimes Goodbye Is a Second Chance
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0012
How Important Is Social Class?
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0010
Work
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0007
Meandering Toward Marriage
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0005
Sources of Meaning
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0009
What Is It Like to Be an Emerging Adult?
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0002
Love and Sex
Arnett, J. J. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197695937.003.0004
References
(2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260171.refs
Thinking III : Creative Thinking
Weisberg, R., & Reeves, L. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260171.ch13
The Code
Kinley, N., & Ben‐Hur, S. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-52395-3_2
Persönlichkeitsprozesse und Schlaf: Überblick und Leitmotiv für eine Forschungsagenda
Duggan, K. A., & Križan, Z. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-49766-7_12
Persönlichkeitsentwicklung
Neyer, F. J., & Asendorpf, J. B. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-67385-0_6
Preface
Buzsáki, G. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905385.002.0006
Copyright Page
Buzsáki, G. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905385.002.0003
Dedication
Buzsáki, G. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190905385.002.0004
ПСИХОГЕНЕТИЧНІ ФАКТОРИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОСТІ
Штих, І. І. (2024) · Слобожанський науковий вісник. Серія Психологія. · doi:10.32782/psyspu/2024.1.34
Psychological Control and Chinese Preschoolers’ Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: Bidirectional Associations in Four Parent-child DyadsPreprint
Ma, J., Chen, L., Gao, X., Li, Y., & Xing, S. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4495061/v1
Temperament
Harris, J. C., & Coyle, J. T. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199928118.003.0014
Effects of Mothers’ Warm Parenting Behavior on Latent Transition Patterns of Infants’ Temperament
Mun, Y.-E., & Joo-Yeon, L. (2024) · Korean Journal of Child Studies · doi:10.5723/kjcs.2024.45.3.239
Parenting Styles and Psychopathic Traits Demonstrate Differential Relationships and Measurement Invariance across Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Male Offenders
DeLisle, A. (2021) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc1833419
Relational and Social-Cognitive Predictors of PTSD in U.S. Combat Veterans: A Path Analysis
Smith, J. E. (2021) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc1808434
Class Enumeration and Parameter Bias in Growth Mixture Models with Misspecified Time-Varying Covariates: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study
Palka, J. M. (2020) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc1752343
Comparison of Insomnia, Depression, and Perceived Social Support among Individuals with Amphetamine Use Disorder (AUD) and Healthy Controls
Abdoli, N., Bahmani, D. S., Salari, N., Khodamoradi, M., Stanga, Z. G., Brühl, A. B., Brand, S., & Dürsteler, K. M. (2025) · ALPHA PSYCHIATRY · doi:10.31083/ap38786
Kişilik Kuramları
Düşünceli̇, B., Kelek, Ş., Saptır, A. B., Çolak, T. S., Yılmaz, P. Ö., Güngör, A., Koç, G., Diril, S., Şar, A. H., Sarıkoç, M., et al. (2025) · Akademisyen Kitabevi eBooks · doi:10.37609/akya.3564
Associations Between Parent and Adolescent General and Domain‐Specific Self Control
Gentzler, A. L., Johnston, M., Batra, A., & Lilly, C. L. (2025) · Social Development · doi:10.1111/sode.12814
Peer Victimization in Childhood and Timing of Substance Use Initiation: Evidence from a Twin Study
Yu, L., Marceau, K., Knopik, V. S., & Baker, L. A. (2025) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10519-025-10222-4
Cultural Differences in the Personality Triad: The Interplay of Personality Traits, Situation Characteristics, and Behavioral States Around the WorldPreprint
Kuper, N., Gardiner, G., Baranski, E. N., Funder, D. C., Members of The International Situations Project, & Rauthmann, J. F. (2025) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/d936m_v1
Child Maltreatment and the Development of Multisystem Resilience
Cicchetti, D. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009363914.015
Differential Susceptibility to Environmental Influences
Satoshi Kanazawa, A. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009363914.013
Mental Toughness, Emotional Competencies, and Depression in Multiple Sclerosis
Bahmani, L. S., Shaygannejad, V., Esmaeili, L., Mirmosayyeb, O., Afsharzadeh, M., Brühl, A. B., Brand, S., & Bahmani, D. S. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science · doi:10.20900/jpbs.20250014
A pedagógusok motivációjának kapcsolata a településtípussal a mai Magyarországon
Utassy, J., & Dobai, A. (2025) · Új Pedagógiai Szemle · doi:10.71157/upsz.2025.01-02.02
Comparing Children With and Without Learning Disabilities on Their Home Literacy Environment and Its Association With Pre-Reading Skills
Johnson, R. M., Hart, S. A., & Wagner, R. K. (2025) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/00222194251399192
Ideal Dating Styles and Meanings of Romantic Relationships Among White and Latino High School Students: A Multi-Method Approach
Rankin, L. A. (2006) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
CHILD PERCEPTION OF PARENTAL BEHAVIOR IN TWINS: A RISK FACTOR FOR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS?
Moss, L. (2008) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Exploring the Experiences of Fathers Raising Sons with Asperger Syndrome: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
Axup, T. E. J. (2012) · UEL Research Repository (University of East London) · doi:10.15123/pub.1791
Investigating antecedents to the development of competence and fulfillment among intellectually gifted adolescents: The validity of conjointly applying above-level ability and preference assessment for early educational and career planning
Achter, J. A. (1997) · Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) · doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-13539
Neural networks underlying vocal control in experienced classical singers
Kleber, B. (2009)
Peer Network Emergence and Change in the Classroom: A Multiple Systems Perspective
Sage, N. A. (2000) · doi:10.15760/etd.303
Nicht Menschen machen Reisen, Reisen machen Menschen – ein Auslandsaufenthalt als Reifekatalysator der Persönlichkeit
Ries, B. (2022) · Gutenberg Open Science · doi:10.25358/openscience-6902
Understanding the Interpersonal Consequences of Paranoid Ideation and Sleep Problems in a Transdiagnostic Sample of Individuals with Psychosis
Savage, C. L. G. (2022) · University Libraries (University of Maryland) · doi:10.13016/dspace/rrxk-9vsl
A behavior genetic study of activity levels and internalizing problems across childhood
Jamnik, M. R. (2021) · OpenSIUC (Southern Illinois University Carbondale) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.19919.09125
Genetische und soziale Einflussfaktoren auf charakteristische Anpassungen der Persönlichkeit. Erkenntnisse aus erweiterten Zwillingsdesigns
Hufer, A. (2020) · PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University)
Stressful Life Events and Borderline Personality Disorder Traits
Arneberg, V. S. (2021) · Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)
Examining Trauma, Aggression, and Anxiety in African American Girls
Griffin-Todd, K. (2021) · University of North Florida Digital Commons (University of North Florida)
"I know how to fit in": Social clear-sightedness and its impact on self-presentation in social situations
Rudmann, O. (2023) · SERVAL (Université de Lausanne)
Individual differences in adolescents' behavioral and emotional problems: a person centered approach
Favini, A. (2019) · IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)
Correlates of Parenting Behavior across Development: Interactive Associations with Child Disposition and Implications for Child Outcomes
Barclay, M. E. (2025) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Correlates of music training: Plasticity or predispositions?
Correia, A. I. (2024) · Repositório do ISCTE-IUL
Early Parenting Practices, Child School Readiness and Early Academic Performance
Conica, M. (2024) · Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin)
Estimating the magnitude of gene-environment correlation for cognitive ability, personality, psychopathology, and height
Zheng, A. (2021) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
L'étiologie génétique et environnementale de l'association entre le langage expressif au début du primaire et la victimisation durant le primaire : une étude de jumeaux
Chevrette, E. (2023) · Corpus Université Laval (Université Laval)
A Life-course Analysis of Gene-Environment Interplay in Schizophrenia and Major Depression
Machlitt-Northen, S. (2023) · Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)
Decoding the Symbiotic Dance: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study Examining the Reciprocal Relationships between Parenting Styles, Parental Involvement, and Academic Achievement
Cui, T., Mak, M. C. K., Liu, Q., & Shao, Y. (2025) · Advances in Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.5709/acp-0480-2
Myopian geneettinen alttius ja epidemiologiset riskitekijät
Riutta, V. (2026) · UTUPub (University of Turku)
Less Positive Parenting Appears to be a Consequence, Rather Than a Cause, of Youth Antisocial Behavior: Results from a Longitudinal Twin Study
Dio, A. M. D., Shewark, E. A., Hyde, L. W., & Burt, S. A. (2026) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-026-01425-2
Haitallisten lapsuudenkokemusten yhteys persoonallisuuden aspekteihin
Viinikka, P., & Lohko, E. (2025) · Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)
Understanding Family–Peer Linkages: The Interplay Among Family Emotional Expressiveness, Social Skills, and Friendship Quality From Middle Childhood to Early Adolescence
Zhang, M., Zhou, N., Cao, H., Bao, R., & Liang, Y. (2026) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1002/jad.70144
Music can facilitate the rehabilitation of substance addicted individuals by extinguishing craving responses to cues conditioned with substance use
Stamou, V. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/618aea4eza020z4912z8904zaf6a9c5de21d
Bien-être chez les personnes âgées : une étude interculturelle : Gabon-France
Indoumou-Peppe, C. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/5bf5ed61zc5ccz46fcz8ffaza7f6aa10ee90
Influence de l’environnement familial d’apprentissage sur les compétences mathématiques : étude comportementale et par IRMf chez l’enfant
Girard, C. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d46dfde9z8478z43e1zae24zc7737d243552
A quasi-stationary approach for the study of complex genetic disorders models
Cerf, E. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/36f24d50z2cdfz48f2za4f5zcbccff1ddd83
The associations between child anger and parental negativity during preschool: A longitudinal twin study
Liu, C., Kim, H. W., Zheng, Y., Ganiban, J. M., & Saudino, K. J. (2026) · Child Development · doi:10.1093/chidev/aacag028
Genetic and environmental contributions to IQ in adoptive and biological families with 30-year-old offspringPreprint
McGue, M., Willoughby, E. A., Iacono, W. G., & Lee, J. J. (2021) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)
Risk Factor or Outcome? Testing Alternative Causal Models Connecting Adolescent Alcohol Involvement with Peer and Parenting Factors
Vahedi, M., Xu, Y., McDonald, B., & Briley, D. A. (2026) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Use · doi:10.1080/29973368.2026.2667177
The Influence of Motor Skills on Language Skills and Math Readiness Among Children Aged 3 to 6: Examining the Mediating Role of Parental Engagement and Social-Emotional Development
Bhukya, Y. S. (2026) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
The relationship between family background and children’s language development and education
Wilding, K. (2025) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)
Role of Personality Traits and Parenting Practices in Predicting Adolescents’ Resilience in Lebanon
Mansour, N., & Ayoub, M. (2026) · Adversity and Resilience Science · doi:10.1007/s42844-026-00228-0
The role of family relationships in intergenerational inequality in education
(Kevin), D. Q. K. (2026) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20260928kd
Do children's genes evoke educational expectations? Direct genetic effects on parents' and teachers' college encouragement
Conley, D., & Dierker, P. (2026) · doi:10.4054/mpidr-wp-2026-035
Narrative identity and well-being in emerging adulthood
Marshall, S. (2023) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago)
Do Children's Genes Evoke Educational Expectations? Direct Genetic Effects on Parents' and Teachers' College Encouragement
Dierker, P., & Conley, D. (2026) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w35576
Behavioral Genetics
Rivera, R. M. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_495-1
Longitudinal associations between teacher–child relationships, resilience, and behavioral problems among preschool children
Lanlan, L., Fu, X., Jin, S., & Xu, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1885244
Lire l'invisible - la trace épigénétique des expériences de vie : Association entre la maltraitance infantile, la méthylation du gène OXTR et les traits d'insensibilité et de froideur émotionnelle
Tronchon, E. (2026) · Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal) · doi:10.71781/36169
The pathway to effortful control in adolescence: The role of parental personality, family environment, and genetic factors
Chen, Z., Liu, C., Leve, L. D., Shaw, D. S., Natsuaki, M. N., Neiderhiser, J. M., & Ganiban, J. M. (2026) · Child Development · doi:10.1093/chidev/aacag177
The Heritability of Parents' Emotion Socialization Behaviors: Evidence from a Population-based Extended Twin StudyPreprint
Severinsen, Y., Eftedal, N. H., Ystrøm, E., Nygaard, E., Bekkhus, M., Viana, K. M. P., Tsotsi, S., & Bjørk, R. F. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10939598/v1
The contributions of genetic and environmental factors to adult attachment styles
Dugan, K. A. (2023) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Naturalistic face-directed attention predicts face recognition abilityPreprint
White, D., Varela, V. P. L., Piggott, M., Dunn, J. D., Miellet, S., Towler, A., & Popovic, B. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.09.30.755511
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENERATION ALPHA IN BANDUNG CITY AND BANDUNG REGENCY, WEST JAVA
Sakroni (2026) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS
The relationship between positive childhood experiences and flourishing via self-compassion and gratitude
Çağış, Z. G. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-72780-9
Maternal parenting and the development of adolescent self‐esteem: A longitudinal twin study
Lim, J., Guo, J., Klatzka, C. H., & Teuber, Z. (2026) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.70298
Examining perceptions of stress in middle childhood through parent and child report
Davis, C. (n.d.) · UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)
Der Stellenwert von Eltern und Lehrern in den psychosozialen Entwicklungsprozessen der Adoleszenz
Noack, P. (2001) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-94991-2_12
An exploratory study of endophenotype markers for schizophrenia
Picchioni, M. M. (2012) · UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)
Wachstum und Entwicklung in der Pränatal- und Neugeborenenperiode
Jenni, O. G. (2020) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-60300-0_16
Social Psychology of Sports Fans: Evolutionary Research Paradigm
Кочетова, Т. В., & Кузнецов, С. А. (2013) · Social Psychology and Society
Compromises in career-related decisions: Hypothetical choices, individual differences, and actual outcomes
Wee, S. (2010) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Genetica en de ontwikkeling van kinderen
Bartels, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2014) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-368-0495-0_3

Authors: Scarr, S., & McCartney, K.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Venue: Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1983-04
Volume: 54
Issue: 2
Pages: 424-435
ISSN: 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
1467-8624
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1983.tb03884.x
OpenAlex: W1838289455
Semantic Scholar: d71090c7ecf579c4e736cf034c8ca1f6229b1f2c
Cited by: 2,895
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 239 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 88 · 2017: 101 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 116 · 2014: 95 · 2013: 107 · 2012: 104
FWCI: 20.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1 (tdm, 11841 d)
Locations: Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Keywords: gene-environment interaction, genotype-environment correlation, developmental theory, parental environment, twin studies, family studies, deprivation, intervention, phenotypic differences
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adoption, Child, Child, Preschool, Environment, Female, Genotype, Humans, Human Development, Infant, Intelligence, Models, Psychological, Parent-Child Relations, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Psychological Theory, Psychosocial Deprivation, Twins

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How People Make Their Own Environments: A Theory of Genotype Environment Effects

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks