Cited by 423Bullying, Victimization, and AggressionDeath Anxiety and Social ExclusionChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Rejection Sensitivity and Children's Interpersonal Difficulties

Downey, Geraldine, Lebolt, Amy, Rincón, Claudia, Freitas, Antonio L·1998·Child Development

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06161.x

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Abstract

Some children respond to social rejection in ways that undermine their relationships, whereas others respond with more equanimity. This article reports 3 studies that test the proposition that rejection sensitivity—the disposition to defensively (i.e., anxiously or angrily) expect, readily perceive, and overreact to social rejection—helps explain individual differences in response to social rejection. Data were from urban, minority (primarily Hispanic and African American) fifth to seventh graders. Study 1 describes the development of a measure of rejection sensitivity for children. Study 2 provides experimental evidence that children who angrily expected rejection showed heightened distress following an ambiguously intentioned rejection by a peer. Study 3 shows that rejection sensitive children behaved more aggressively and experienced increased interpersonal difficulties and declines in academic functioning over time.

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Authors: Downey, G., Lebolt, A., Rincón, C., & Freitas, A. L.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Downey, Geraldine
ORCID: Downey, Geraldine
Venue: Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1998-08-01
Volume: 69
Issue: 4
Pages: 1074-1091
ISSN: 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
1467-8624
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06161.x
OpenAlex: W1992292172
Cited by: 417
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 4.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3699 d)
Locations: Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation
Yale University
National Institutes of Health (1r29mh051113-01)
National Institute of Mental Health (R29-MH51113)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: rejection sensitivity, social rejection, children, interpersonal problems, anger, defensive responding, peer rejection, aggression, academic functioning, individual differences, measurement development, Hispanic children, African American children
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Aggression, Anger, Anxiety, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Projective Techniques, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reference Values, Rejection, Psychology, Self-Assessment, Social Adjustment, Social Perception, Statistics as Topic, Urban Health, Reproducibility of Results, Expressed Emotion

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Rejection Sensitivity and Children's Interpersonal Difficulties

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