Governing the ethical consumer: identity, choice and the primary care medical encounter
Open accessAbstract
Government policy promoting consumerism in healthcare can be seen as offering up certain preferred identities to which its citizens are encouraged to aspire. Whilst many commentators reject the notion that health services users should be conceived of as consumers, this paper outlines the relevance of the concept to our understanding of the ways in which individuals manage their health and service use. The paper examines the identity work undertaken by individuals in relation to decisions about healthcare preferences and assesses the extent to which this is compatible with the identities promoted in Government policy. We suggest that in circumstances where individuals feel both a sense of personal entitlement and a desire to be supportive of the needs of other members of the community, ‘doing’ ethical consumer can be fraught with discomfort and anxiety. These anxieties are exacerbated in a context where citizenship is increasingly being defined in terms of consumer identities, and making good (health) choices might be seen as distinguishing the civilised from the marginalised.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Patients are expected to use the Internet and social media to share experiences of health with peers and to access information sources in order to manage their health, and develop some form of expertise in their condition.
“Today, patients are expected to use the Internet and social media to share experiences of health with peers and to access information sources in order to manage their health, and develop some form of expertise in their condition (Griffiths et al., 2012;McDonald et al., 2007).”
From The Cultivation of Digital Health Citizenship (2021) · cites this paper as McDonald et al., 2007
The 'Empowerment as governmentality' section describes an expectation that patients take responsibility for managing their health, including through the Expert Patient Programme. 'Citizenship, healthcare and the ethical consumer' discusses approved health-information sources. Neither section supports the more specific claim that patients are expected to use the Internet or social media to share experiences with peers. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Wagner, H. R., Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1968) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575405 · Cited by 46,470 · see citing works
(1951) · Cited by 8,693 · see citing works
Foucault, M. (1982) · Critical Inquiry · doi:10.1086/448181 · Cited by 8,496 · see citing works
Giddens, A. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003320609-62 · Cited by 4,811 · see citing works
Questions of Cultural Identity
Jacobson, J., Hall, S., & du Gay, P. (1997) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/591920 · Cited by 4,272 · see citing works
Moore, F. C. T., Foucault, M., & Smith, A. M. (1974) · Man · doi:10.2307/2800094 · Cited by 3,900 · see citing works
Governing the soul: the shaping of the private self
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-6033 · Cited by 3,824 · see citing works
Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics
LaCapra, D., Dreyfus, H. L., & Rabinow, P. (1983) · The American Historical Review · doi:10.2307/1864593 · Cited by 3,557 · see citing works
Gregory, D., Lash, S. M., & Urry, J. (1994) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2076072 · Cited by 3,376 · see citing works
Technologies of the self: a seminar with Michel Foucault
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-2084 · Cited by 3,307 · see citing works
Foucault, M. (1998) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110815764.387 · Cited by 3,252 · see citing works
Patient-centredness: a conceptual framework and review of the empirical literature
Mead, N., & Bower, P. (2000) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00098-8 · Cited by 2,993 · see citing works
Self-citationTechnologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault
Foucault, M., Martin, L., Gutman, H., & Hutton, P. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072021 · Cited by 2,811 · see citing works
Consumption and Theories of Practice
Warde, A. (2005) · Journal of Consumer Culture · doi:10.1177/1469540505053090 · Cited by 2,682 · see citing works
Continuity of care: a multidisciplinary review
Haggerty, J. L., Reid, R. J., Freeman, G. K., Starfield, B. H., Adair, C. E., & McKendry, R. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7425.1219 · Cited by 2,374 · see citing works
Work, consumerism and the new poor
Bauman, Z. (1998) · Cited by 1,692 · see citing works
Consumption and Identity at Work
du Gay, P. (1996) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446221945 · Cited by 1,236 · see citing works
The Nature of Suffering and the Goals of Medicine
Cassell, E. J. (1998) · Loss Grief & Care · doi:10.1300/j132v08n01_18 · Cited by 1,178 · see citing works
Culture and Consumption: New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of Consumer Goods and Activities
Belk, R. W., & McCracken, G. (1989) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1251348 · Cited by 1,147 · see citing works
Consumption and Identity at Work.
Holt, D. B., & du Gay, P. (1997) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2076801 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works
Governing the Soul: The Shaping of the Private Self
Ajzenstadt, M., Menzies, R., & Rose, N. (1991) · The Canadian Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/3341282 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works
THE HOLLOWING OUT OF THE STATE: THE CHANGING NATURE OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE IN BRITAIN
Rhodes, R. A. W. (1994) · The Political Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1467-923x.1994.tb00441.x · Cited by 1,021 · see citing works
Securing Our Future Health: Taking a Long-Term View.
Wanless, D. (2002) · Cited by 917 · see citing works
The Doctor, His Patient, and the Illness
Bálint, M. (1957) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-195711000-00016 · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Baudrillard, J. (1968) · Cited by 715 · see citing works
The Doctor, His Patient, and the Illness
BALINT, M. (1957) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-195711000-00018 · Cited by 657 · see citing works
Consumerism, reflexivity and the medical encounter
Lupton, D. A. (1997) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00353-x · Cited by 611 · see citing works
The meaning of patient satisfaction: An explanation of high reported levels
Williams, B., Coyle, J., & Healy, D. (1998) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(98)00213-5 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Consuming Ethics: Articulating the Subjects and Spaces of Ethical Consumption
Barnett, C., CLOKE, P. J., Clarke, N., et al. (2005) · Antipode · doi:10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00472.x · Cited by 610 · see citing works
McFadden, D. L., Machina, M. J., & Baron, J. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1406-8_4 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Public Participation and Collaborative Governance
Newman, J., Barnes, M., Sullivan, H. T., & Knops, A. (2004) · Journal of Social Policy · doi:10.1017/s0047279403007499 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
Cassell, E. J. (1991) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195052220.001.0001 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
The Unmanageable Consumer: Contemporary Consumption and its Fragmentation
Gabriel, Y., & Lang, T. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 484 · see citing works
(2005) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203975398 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Discrete choice experiments in health care
Ryan, M. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7436.360 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Après l'année Érasme. Souvenirs d'un contemporain
Foucault, J.-A. D. (1972) · Bulletin de l Association Guillaume Budé · doi:10.3406/bude.1972.3176 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
McFadden, D. L. (1999) · Journal of Risk and Uncertainty · doi:10.1023/a:1007863007855 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Foucault, Management and Organization Theory
Weaver, W., McKinlay, A., & Starkey, K. (1999) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2653873 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Using Conjoint Analysis to Assess Women's Preferences for Miscarriage Management
Ryan, M., & Hughes, J. (1997) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(199705)6:3 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Hobson, K. (2002) · Environmental Politics · doi:10.1080/714000601 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Read, J. G., & Bartkowski, J. P. (2000) · Gender & Society · doi:10.1177/089124300014003003 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Consumption, Identity-Formation and Uncertainty
Warde, A. (1994) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/0038038594028004005 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Variation in GP referral rates: what can we learn from the literature?
O’Donnell, C. A. (2000) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/17.6.462 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
(2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203413074 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Sociological theory: what went wrong?: diagnosis and remedies
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-6613 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Theorizing Subjectivity in Organizations: The Failure of Foucauldian Studies?
Newton, T. (1998) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/017084069801900303 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Exchange, Value and Affect: Bourdieu and ‘The Self’
Skeggs, B. (2004) · The Sociological Review · doi:10.1111/j.1467-954x.2005.00525.x · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Salaman, G., & Rees, B. (1996) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1996.tb00802.x · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Beyond Consumerism: New Historical Perspectives on Consumption
Trentmann, F. (2004) · Journal of Contemporary History · doi:10.1177/0022009404044446 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Consuming Health: The Commodification of Health Care
Henderson, S., & Petersen, A. R. (2002) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2524.2002.03843.x · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Rose, N. (2011) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446221907.n8 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Miller, D. (2001) · Journal of Consumer Culture · doi:10.1177/146954050100100210 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Economics of Health Care Financing: The Visible Hand
Donaldson, C., & Gerard, K. (1993) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-22512-5 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Lifestyle Shopping. The Subject of Consumption
Péretz, H., & Shields, R. (1993) · Revue Française de Sociologie · doi:10.2307/3321985 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Entrepreneurial Identities: Reflections from Two Case Studies
Cohen, L., & Musson, G. (2000) · Organization · doi:10.1177/135050840071003 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
What future for continuity of care in general practice?
Freeman, G. K., & Hjortdahl, P. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7098.1870 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Discursive Formations, Strategized Subordination and Self-Surveillance
Deetz, S. A. (1998) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446221686.n9 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Sculpher, M. J., Bryan, S., Fry, P., de Winter, P., Payne, H. A., & Emberton, M. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.37972.497234.44 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Scott, A., & Vick, S. (1999) · Scottish Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1111/1467-9485.00124 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Edwards, C. A., Staniszewska, S. H., & Crichton, N. (2004) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2004.00385.x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Parsons revisited: from the sick role to...?
Williams, S. J. (2005) · Health An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health Illness and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1363459305050582 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Scott, A., Watson, M., & Ross, S. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00079-5 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Pathways, Pyramids and Icebergs? Mapping the Links Between Dissatisfaction and Complaints
Mulcahy, L., & Tritter, J. Q. (1998) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00131 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Langman, L. (2010) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203413074_chapter_3 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Culture and Consumption: New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of Consumer Goods and Activities
Arnold, E. J., & McCracken, G. (1989) · Journal of American Folklore · doi:10.2307/541792 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
What is the Role of the Consumer in Health Care?
Shackley, P., & Ryan, M. (1994) · Journal of Social Policy · doi:10.1017/s0047279400023333 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Marshall, M., Hiscock, J., & Sibbald, B. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7375.1278 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Speaking for Patients and Carers
Baggott, R., Allsop, J., & Jones, K. L. (2005) · DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) · doi:10.1007/978-0-230-80185-1 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Patient Choice in the NHS: The View from Economic Sociology
Greener, I. (2003) · Social Theory & Health · doi:10.1057/palgrave.sth.8700002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Quantifying Patient Preferences for Out-of-Hours Primary Care
Morgan, A., Shackley, P., Pickin, M., & Brazier, J. E. (2000) · Journal of Health Services Research & Policy · doi:10.1177/135581960000500405 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ryan, M., McIntosh, E., & Shackley, P. (1998) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1046/j.1369-6513.1998.00024.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Testing for consistency in willingness to pay experiments
Ryan, M., & Miguel, F. S. (2000) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(00)00006-4 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Consumption and identity: The cultural politics of shopping
Jackson, P. (1999) · European Planning Studies · doi:10.1080/09654319908720498 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The Health Service Consumer: A Sociological Misconception
Stacey, M. (1974) · Sociological review monograph · doi:10.1111/j.1467-954x.1974.tb00026.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Gerard, K. (2004) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmh623 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Privatisation, governance and identity: the United Kingdom and New Zealand compared
Larner, W., & Walters, W. (2000) · Policy & Politics · doi:10.1332/0305573002501027 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Mayer, K. B., & Coale, A. J. (1961) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2090707 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
From the Sick Role to Subject Positions: A New Approach to the Medical Encounter
Fahy, K. M., & Smith, P. D. C. (1999) · Health An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health Illness and Medicine · doi:10.1177/136345939900300101 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A new editor for Family Practice
Jones, R. (2004) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmh101 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Emberton, M., Sculpher, M. J., Bryan, S., et al. (2004) · Cited by 18 · see citing works
An Interview with Anthony Giddens
(2003) · Journal of Consumer Culture · doi:10.1177/14695405030033013 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Limits of the Health Consumer: the role of patients in healthcare
Greener, I., Dawson, S. M., & Sausmann, C. (2005) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Irvine, R. (2002) Fabricating health consumers in health care politics. In Henderson, S. and Petersen, A. (eds) Consuming Health: the Commodification of Health Care. London: Routledge.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Cultivation of Digital Health Citizenship
Petrakaki, D., Hilberg, E., & Waring, J. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113675 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Several studies have pointed to patients ’ responsibilization for collecting and producing health data and the risks of prioritizing data over care (Henwood et al., 2011; Lupton, 2013; McDonald et al., 2007; Petersson, 2016; Tutton and Prainsack, 2011).”
Background
- Authors
- McDonald, R., Mead, N., Cheraghi‐Sohi, S., Bower, P., Whalley, D., & Roland, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- McDonald, Ruth
- Venue
- Sociology of Health & Illness
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 430-456
- ISSN
- 0141-9889 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9566
- OpenAlex
- W2108152629
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 20.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sociology of Health & Illness (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Princeton University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Consumer behavior in food and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, Medicine and Society
- Keywords
- ethical consumption, consumer identity, primary care, healthcare encounters, health care choice, health care utilization, government health policy, citizenship, identity work, consumerism in health care
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Attitude to Health, Choice Behavior, Consumer Behavior, Female, Government, United Kingdom, Health Policy, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Residence Characteristics, Sociology, Medical, Patient Satisfaction, Personal Autonomy, Patient Rights
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review