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Cited by 123Thyroid Disorders and TreatmentsGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsAdipose Tissue and Metabolism

How the thyroid controls metabolism in the rat: different roles for triiodothyronine and diiodothyronines

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Moreno, Maria, Lanni, Antonia, Lombardi, Assunta, Goglia, Fernando·1997·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.529bb.xPMC PMC1160082
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Abstract

Although the first evidence of a relationship between the thyroid and metabolism was reported in 1895, the mechanism by which thyroid hormones influence resting metabolic rate in whole animals is still poorly understood. This paper reports an attempt to test whether diiodothyronines (T 2 s) and triiodothyronine (T 3) have different roles in the control of resting metabolism (RM). Changes in resting metabolic rate were measured in hypothyroid rats treated acutely (25μg (100 g body weight)−1) either with one of the T 2 s or with T 3. Injection of T 3 induced an increase of about 35% in RM that started 25–30 h after the injection and lasted until 5–6 days after the injection, the maximal value being observed at 50–75 h. The injection of T 2 s evoked a temporally different pattern of response. The increases in RM started 6–12 h after the injection, had almost disappeared after 48 h, and the maximal stimulation was observed at 28–30 h. When actinomycin D (an inhibitor of protein synthesis) and T 3 were given together, the stimulation of RM was almost completely abolished. The simultaneous injection of actinomycin D and either of the T 2 s, on the other hand, did not cause any attenuation of the stimulation seen with the T 2 s alone. Following chronic treatment (3 weeks) with either T 3 or T 2 s there was a stimulation of organ growth only after the administration of T 3. Chronic administration of either T 2 s or T 3 to hypothyroid rats significantly enhanced the oxidative capacity of each of the tissues considered. In the case of T 2 s the stimulation was almost the same whether it was expressed as an increase in specific activity or total tissue activity. In the case of T 3 the increases were, in the main, secondary to the hypertrophic or hyper plastic effect. These results indicate that T 2 s and T 3 exert different effects on RM. The effects of T 2 s are rapid and possibly mediated by their direct interaction with mitochondria. Those of T 3 are slower and more prolonged, and at least partly attributable to a modulation of the cellularity of tissues that are metabolically very active.

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  • Moreno et al. observed that 3,5-T2 (25 μg/100 g body weight) exerted rapid effects in acutely treated hypothyroid rats while T3 reacted more slowly but with longer lasting effects.

    “They observed that 3,5-T2 (25 μg/100 g body weight) exerted rapid effects in acutely treated hypothyroid rats while T3 reacted more slowly but with longer lasting effects compared to 3,5-T2.”

    From 3,5-T2—A Janus-Faced Thyroid Hormone Metabolite Exerts Both Canonical T3-Mimetic Endocrine and Intracrine Hepatic Action (2020) · cites this paper as [90]

  • No information had been published on 3,5-T2 concentrations reached in the circulation or in target tissues like liver in those studies.

    “Unfortunately, no information had been published on 3,5-T2 concentrations reached in the circulation or in those target tissues like liver, where beneficial effects such as antisteatotic activity and increased lipid metabolism were reported (15, 17, 28, 89, 90).”

    From 3,5-T2—A Janus-Faced Thyroid Hormone Metabolite Exerts Both Canonical T3-Mimetic Endocrine and Intracrine Hepatic Action (2020) · cites this paper as [90]

    The study summary (section and page unavailable) reports administered T2 doses and metabolic effects in hypothyroid rats, but does not address whether circulating or liver 3,5-T2 concentrations had been published. Searches for plasma and tissue concentrations, liver, and lipid metabolism found no passage establishing that absence; omission alone cannot verify the claim. (LLM, conf=0.70)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Moreno, M., Lanni, A., Lombardi, A., & Goglia, F.
Affiliations
University of Naples Federico II (IT)
Corresponding author
Goglia, Fernando
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1997-12
Volume
505
Issue
2
Pages
529-538
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.529bb.x
PMC
PMC1160082
OpenAlex
W1992767433
Cited by
123
References
1
Citations by year
2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
FWCI
3.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 2495 d)
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • European Commission
  • Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Keywords
thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine, diiodothyronine, resting metabolic rate, hypothyroidism, actinomycin D, protein synthesis, oxidative capacity, mitochondrial function, organ growth, rats
MeSH terms
Animals, Basal Metabolism, Brain, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Electron Transport Complex IV, Dactinomycin, Diiodothyronines, Hypothyroidism, Iodide Peroxidase, Isoenzymes, Liver, Male, Microsomes, Myocardium, Thyroid Gland, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats

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