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Cited by 145Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyThermoregulation and physiological responsesPhysical Activity and Health

Exercise increases blood flow to locomotor, vestibular, cardiorespiratory and visual regions of the brain in miniature swine

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Delp, Michael D., Armstrong, R. B., Godfrey, Donald A., Laughlin, M. Harold, Ross, C. David, Wilkerson, M. Keith·2001·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.t01-1-00849.xPMC PMC2278667
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Abstract

1. The purpose of these experiments was to use radiolabelled microspheres to measure blood flow distribution within the brain, and in particular to areas associated with motor function, maintenance of equilibrium, cardiorespiratory control, vision, hearing and smell, at rest and during exercise in miniature swine. Exercise consisted of steady-state treadmill running at intensities eliciting 70 and 100 % maximal oxygen consumption (V(O(2),max)). 2. Mean arterial pressure was elevated by 17 and 26 % above that at rest during exercise at 70 and 100 % V(O(2),max), respectively. 3. Mean brain blood flow increased 24 and 25 % at 70 and 100 % V(O(2),max), respectively. Blood flow was not locally elevated to cortical regions associated with motor and somatosensory functions during exercise, but was increased to several subcortical areas that are involved in the control of locomotion. 4. Exercise elevated perfusion and diminished vascular resistance in several regions of the brain related to the maintenance of equilibrium (vestibular nuclear area, cerebellar ventral vermis and floccular lobe), cardiorespiratory control (medulla and pons), and vision (dorsal occipital cortex, superior colliculi and lateral geniculate body). Conversely, blood flow to regions related to hearing (cochlear nuclei, inferior colliculi and temporal cortex) and smell (olfactory bulbs and rhinencephalon) were unaltered by exercise and associated with increases in vascular resistance. 5. The data indicate that blood flow increases as a function of exercise intensity to several areas of the brain associated with integrating sensory input and motor output (anterior and dorsal cerebellar vermis) and the maintenance of equilibrium (vestibular nuclei). Additionally, there was an intensity-dependent decrease of vascular resistance in the dorsal cerebellar vermis.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.t01-1-00849.x

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  • Swine have a large heart rate reserve, increasing from approximately 89-117 bpm at rest to 259-306 bpm during exercise.

    “Swine have a large heart rate reserve as they can increase their heart rates from approximately 89–117 bpm at rest to 259–306 bpm during exercise (Armstrong, Delp, Goljan, & Laughlin, 1987; Delp, et al., 2001; Krombach, et al., 1998; Roth, et al., 1990).”

    From Small and large animal models in cardiac contraction research: advantages and disadvantages (2014) · cites this paper as Delp, et al., 2001

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Authors
Delp, M. D., Armstrong, R. B., Godfrey, D. A., Laughlin, M. H., Ross, C. D., & Wilkerson, M. K.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • University of Toledo Medical Center (US)
  • University of Missouri (US)
  • University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2001-06
Volume
533
Issue
3
Pages
849-859
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.t01-1-00849.x
PMC
PMC2278667
OpenAlex
W2167634217
Cited by
145
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
FWCI
12.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • National Institutes of Health (AM-24572, 7r01am037098-01)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL36088, R01HL036088)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords
cerebral blood flow, physical activity, treadmill running, cerebral perfusion, cerebellar vermis, vestibular nuclei, cerebrovascular resistance, cardiorespiratory control, visual cortex, olfactory bulb, olfaction, hearing, equilibrium, miniature swine, VO2max, mean arterial pressure
MeSH terms
Animals, Blood Pressure, Body Temperature, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Colon, Gases, Heart, Heart Rate, Motor Activity, Regional Blood Flow, Respiratory Physiological Phenomena, Swine, Swine, Miniature, Vascular Resistance, Vestibule, Labyrinth, Visual Pathways

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