The DOI matches its Crossref record; 98 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Regional alterations in the endocannabinoid system in an animal model of depression: effects of concurrent antidepressant treatment
Open accessAbstract
It has been suggested that disturbances in endocannabinoid signaling contribute to the development of depressive illness; however, at present there is insufficient evidence to allow for a full understanding of this role. To further this understanding, we performed an analysis of the endocannabinoid system in an animal model of depression. Male rats exposed to chronic, unpredictable stress (CUS) for 21 days exhibited a reduction in sexual motivation, consistent with the hypothesis that CUS in rats induces depression‐like symptoms. We determined the effects of CUS, with or without concurrent treatment with the antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg), on CP55940 binding to the cannabinoid CB 1 receptor; whole tissue endocannabinoid content; and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala, midbrain and ventral striatum. Exposure to CUS resulted in a significant increase in CB 1 receptor binding site density in the prefrontal cortex and a decrease in CB 1 receptor binding site density in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and ventral striatum. Except in the hippocampus, these CUS‐induced alterations in CB 1 receptor binding site density were attenuated by concurrent antidepressant treatment. CUS alone produced a significant reduction in N‐arachidonylethanolamine (anandamide) content in every brain region examined, which was not reversed by antidepressant treatment. These data suggest that the endocannabinoid system in cortical and subcortical structures is differentially altered in an animal model of depression and that the effects of CUS on CB 1 receptor binding site density are attenuated by antidepressant treatment while those on endocannabinoid content are not.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Animal studies17 have shown that chronic stress is associated with decreased brain levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide and CB1 receptor adaptations17–19”
From Elevated brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder: A positron emission tomography study (2013) · cites this paper as [19]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., Rush, A. J., Walters, E. E., & Wang, P. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3095 · Cited by 7,988
Isolation and Structure of a Brain Constituent That Binds to the Cannabinoid Receptor
Devane, W. A., Hanuš, L., Breuer, A., Pertwee, R. G., Stevenson, L. A., Griffin, G., Gibson, D., Mandelbaum, A., Etinger, A., & Mechoulam, R. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1470919 · Cited by 5,633
A Neurotrophic Model for Stress-Related Mood Disorders
Duman, R. S., & Monteggia, L. M. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.013 · Cited by 3,375
2-Arachidonoylgylcerol: A Possible Endogenous Cannabinoid Receptor Ligand in Brain
Sugiura, T., Kondo, S., Sukagawa, A., Nakane, S., Shinoda, A., Itoh, K., Yamashita, A., & Waku, K. (1995) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.2437 · Cited by 2,196
The Corticosteroid Receptor Hypothesis of Depression
Holsboer, F. (2000) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00159-7 · Cited by 2,181
Herkenham, M., Lynn, A., Johnson, M., Melvin, L., de Costa, B., & Rice, K. (1991) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.11-02-00563.1991 · Cited by 2,159
Willner, P., Towell, A., Sampson, D., Sophokleous, S., & Muscat, R. (1987) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00187257 · Cited by 1,993
The endogenous cannabinoid system controls extinction of aversive memories
Marsicano, G., Wotjak, C. T., Azad, S. C., Bisogno, T., Rammes, G., Cascio, M. G., Hermann, H., Tang, J., Hofmann, C., Zieglgänsberger, W., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00839 · Cited by 1,728
Role of Endogenous Cannabinoids in Synaptic Signaling
Freund, T. F., Katona, I., & Piomelli, D. (2003) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00004.2003 · Cited by 1,616
Willner, P. (2005) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000087097 · Cited by 1,605
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Hillard C. J., 2006, Regulation of cannabinoid receptor expression by chronic unpredictable stress in rats and mice, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.
- Pazos A., 2006, Constitutive activity of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in major depression, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.
- Reich C. G., 2007, Stress‐induced modulation of the endocannabinoid system in the HPA axis: effects of gonadal status, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.
- 10.1002/1520-6394(2000)12:1 <2::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-4 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The endocannabinoid system and the brain.
Mechoulam, R., & Parker, L. A. (2013) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143739 · Cited by 1,090
Neurobiological Interactions Between Stress and the Endocannabinoid System
Morena, M., Patel, S., Bains, J. S., & Hill, M. N. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.166 · Cited by 698
Self-citationCirculating Endocannabinoids: From Whence Do They Come and Where are They Going?
Hillard, C. J. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2017.130 · Cited by 449
Self-citationNeurobiology of chronic mild stress: parallels to major depression
Hill, M. N., Hellemans, K. G. C., Verma, P., Gorzalka, B. B., & Weinberg, J. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.07.001 · Cited by 420
Self-citationAntidepressant‐like effects of cannabidiol in mice: possible involvement of 5‐HT1Areceptors
Zanelati, T., Biojone, C., Moreira, F., Guimarães, F., & Joca, S. (2010) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00521.x · Cited by 366
Metadata
- Authors
- Hill, M. N., Carrier, E. J., McLaughlin, R. J., Morrish, A. C., Meier, S. E., Hillard, C. J., & Gorzalka, B. B.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gorzalka, Boris B.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurochemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2322-2336
- ISSN
- 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-4159
- PMC
- PMC2606621
- OpenAlex
- W2009594014
- Cited by
- 246
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Michael Smith Health Research BC
- National Institutes of Health
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 16967, R01DA016967)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- endocannabinoid system, depression, chronic unpredictable mild stress, imipramine, antidepressant treatment, fatty acid amide hydrolase, anandamide, regional brain differences, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala, ventral striatum, sexual motivation
- MeSH terms
- Analgesics, Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic, Arachidonic Acids, Brain, Cyclohexanols, Major Depressive Disorder, Disease Models, Animal, Imipramine, Male, Motivation, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Stress, Psychological, Rats, Long-Evans, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1, Rats, Polyunsaturated Alkamides, Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators, Endocannabinoids
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
