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Gender Role and Political Office: Effects of Perceived Masculinity/Femininity of Candidate and Political Office
Abstract
Women are less represented in prestigious national political offices than they are in state and local offices. How this underrepresentation may be related to perceived characteristics of office and candidate are explored in the two studies described here. In Study 1, the “masculinity/femininity” of local, state, and national offices was analyzed; all levels of office were rated as more “masculine” than “feminine.” In Study 2, the sex as well as the gender role of a hypothetical presidential candidate was varied. “Masculine” and male candidates were evaluated as being more competent on presidential tasks such as dealing with terrorism; “feminine” and female candidates were rated higher on tasks such as solving problems in our educational system. Men, regardless of gender role, were perceived as being more likely to win a presidential election, and “masculine” tasks were evaluated as being more important than “feminine” presidential tasks. Implications for future female politicians are discussed.
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Cites
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Attitudes toward a Hypothetical Male or Female Presidential Candidate: A Research Note
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Self-citationConvergent Validity in Students' Perceptions of Jimmy Carter, Ted Kennedy, and the Ideal President
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Cited by
Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders.
Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037//0033-295x.109.3.573 · Cited by 7,300
Are leader stereotypes masculine? A meta-analysis of three research paradigms
Koenig, A. M., Eagly, A. H., Mitchell, A. A., & Ristikari, T. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0023557 · Cited by 1,748
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See Jane Run: Women Politicians as Role Models for Adolescents
Campbell, D. E., & Wolbrecht, C. (2006) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00402.x · Cited by 649
The Consequences of Gender Stereotypes for Women Candidates at Different Levels and Types of Office
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rosenwasser, S. M., & Dean, N. G.
- Venue
- Psychology of Women Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1989-03
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-85
- ISSN
- 0361-6843 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-6402
- OpenAlex
- W2034611492
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 1.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Rosenwasser, S. M., & Dean, N. G. (1989). Gender Role and Political Office: Effects of Perceived Masculinity/Femininity of Candidate and Political Office. Psychology of Women Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1989.tb00986.x
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