Body Objectification, Social Pressure, and Disordered Eating Behavior in College Women: The Role of Sorority Membership
Abstract
Social pressure to conform to the thin ideal is believed to play a decisive role in the development of eating disorders. In this field study at a college with only sophomore rush, 99 sorority women, 80 nonsorority women past their first year, and 86 first-year women completed three subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 ( Garner, 1991 ), the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale ( McKinley & Hyde, 1996 ), and a measure of peer social pressure. It was hypothesized that women belonging to sororities as well as those who intended to join would score higher than nonsorority and first-year women with no intention to join on these measures of disordered eating, body objectification, and social pressure. It also was predicted that the amount of time spent living in a sorority house as well as degree of social pressure would correlate positively with higher scores on body objectification and disordered eating. Results supported nearly all hypotheses, suggesting both that sororities attract at-risk women and that living in a sorority house is associated with increased likelihood of disordered eating.
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Basow, Foran, and Bookwala (2007) suggested women predisposed to body objectification and more susceptible to social pressures may be attracted to sororities.
“Basow, Foran, and Bookwala (2007) suggested women who may be predisposed to body objectification and more susceptible to social pressures may be attracted to sororities.”
From The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013) (2014) · cites this paper as Basow, Foran, & Bookwala, 2007
Basow et al. (2007) found the longer women lived in a sorority house, the higher their scores on Bulimia and Body Dissatisfaction subscales, after controlling for year in school.
“Further, the longer women lived in a sorority house, the higher her scores on the Bulimia and Body Dissatisfaction subscales, after controlling for year in school.”
From The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013) (2014) · cites this paper as Basow et al., 2007
Basow et al. (2007) found nonmembers who intended to join also had high levels of these risk factors.
“Nonmembers who intended to join also had high levels of these risk factors, which the researcher noted was a major finding of the study.”
From The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013) (2014) · cites this paper as Basow et al., 2007
Basow et al. (2007) found sorority women had more risk factors for developing eating disorders (higher objectified body consciousness, disordered eating attitudes, perceived social pressure) than nonmembers.
“Results showed that sorority women had more risk factors for developing eating disorders, such as higher levels of objectified body consciousness, disordered eating attitudes, and perceived social pressure, as compared to nonmembers.”
From The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013) (2014) · cites this paper as Basow et al., 2007
Researchers adding sorority recruitment as a time factor found no evidence that participation led to increases in self-objectification or body image disturbance, even though nonmembers who intended to join had higher risk factors for disordered eating or negative body perceptions.
“Researchers adding sorority recruitment as a time factor found no evidence that participation led to increases in self-objectification or body image disturbance, even though nonmembers who intended to join had higher risk factors for disordered eating or negative body perceptions (Basow et al., 2007).”
From The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013) (2014) · cites this paper as Basow et al., 2007
Cites
Objectification Theory: Toward Understanding Women's Lived Experiences and Mental Health Risks
Fredrickson, B. L., & Roberts, T.-A. (1997) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00108.x · Cited by 5,531 · see citing works
Contingencies of Self-Worth in College Students: Theory and Measurement.
Crocker, J., Luhtanen, R. K., Cooper, M. L., & Bouvrette, A. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.894 · Cited by 1,018 · see citing works
A prospective study of disordered eating among sorority and nonsorority women
Allison, K. C., & Park, C. L. (2004) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.10255 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
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Diemer, E. W., Grant, J. D., Munn-Chernoff, M. A., Patterson, D. A., & Duncan, A. E. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.003 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Slater, A., & Tiggemann, M. (2015) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684314554606 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Here’s Looking at You: Self-Objectification, Body Image Disturbance, and Sorority Rush
Rolnik, A. M., Engeln-Maddox, R., & Miller, S. A. (2010) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-010-9745-y · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The Influence of Fraternity and Sorority Involvement: A Critical Analysis of Research (1996–2013)
(2014) · ASHE Higher Education Report · doi:10.1002/aehe.20012 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Basow, S. A., Foran, K. A., & Bookwala, J.
- Affiliations
- Lafayette College (US)
- Department of Psychology, Lafayette College.
- Corresponding author
- Basow, Susan A.
- ORCID
- Bookwala, Jamila
- Venue
- Psychology of Women Quarterly
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 394-400
- ISSN
- 0361-6843 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-6402
- OpenAlex
- W1969579602
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology of Women Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Keywords
- body objectification, social pressure, disordered eating, sorority membership, thin ideal, female university students, eating disorders, peer pressure, women at risk
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