The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Development of the Patient Activation Measure (PAM): Conceptualizing and Measuring Activation in Patients and Consumers
Open accessAbstract
Background. Controlling costs and achieving health care quality improvements require the participation of activated and informed consumers and patients. Objectives. We describe a process for conceptualizing and operationalizing what it means to be “activated” and delineate the process we used to develop a measure for assessing “activation,” and the psychometric properties of that measure. Methods. We used the convergence of the findings from a national expert consensus panel and patient focus groups to define the concept and identify the domains of activation. These domains were operationalized by constructing a large item pool. Items were pilot‐tested and initial psychometric analysis performed using Rasch methodology. The third stage refined and extended the measure. The fourth stage used a national probability sample to assess the measure's psychometric performance overall and within different subpopulations. Study Sample. Convenience samples of patients with and without chronic illness, and a national probability sample ( N =1,515) are included at different stages in the research. Conclusions. The Patient Activation Measure is a valid, highly reliable, unidimensional, probabilistic Guttman‐like scale that reflects a developmental model of activation. Activation appears to involve four stages: (1) believing the patient role is important, (2) having the confidence and knowledge necessary to take action, (3) actually taking action to maintain and improve one's health, and (4) staying the course even under stress. The measure has good psychometric properties indicating that it can be used at the individual patient level to tailor intervention and assess changes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Participants also completed the 10-question Patient Activation Measure (PAM), a validated measure of patient activation that includes person’s beliefs, motivation, and actions for self-care at these visits [9,23,24].”
From Effectiveness of Digital Medicines to Improve Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes: Prospective, Open-Label, Cluster-Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial (2017) · cites this paper as [23]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Applying the Rasch Model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences
Bond, T. G., & Fox, C. M. (2003) · Journal of Educational Measurement · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.2003.tb01103.x · Cited by 4,490
Patient Self-management of Chronic Disease in Primary Care
Bodenheimer, T. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.19.2469 · Cited by 3,598 · cited 2×
“The review findings indicated that being an engaged and active participant in one’s own care is linked to better health outcomes (Von Korff et al. 1997; Lorig et al. 1999; Von Korff et al. 1998; Bodenheimer et al. 2002) and measurable cost savings (Glasgow et al. 2002).”
A Rating Formulation for Ordered Response Categories
Andrich, D. (1978) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02293814 · Cited by 2,984
DiClemente, C. C., Prochaska, J. O., Fairhurst, S., Velicer, W. F., Velasquez, M. M., & Rossi, J. S. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.59.2.295 · Cited by 2,402
Lorig, K. R., Sobel, D. S., Stewart, A. L., Brown, B. W., Bandura, A., Ritter, P., Gonzalez, V. M., Laurent, D. D., & Holman, H. R. (1999) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199901000-00003 · Cited by 2,261
Assessing the Effects of Physician-Patient Interactions on the Outcomes of Chronic Disease
Kaplan, S. H., Greenfield, S., & Ware, J. E. (1989) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-198903001-00010 · Cited by 2,043
Probabilistic Models for some Intelligence and Attainment Tests.
Wolins, L., Wright, B. D., & Rasch, G. (1982) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2287805 · Cited by 2,009
Best Test Design. Rasch Measurement.
Wright, B. D., & Stone, M. H. (1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,975
Wright, B. D., & Masters, G. N. (1982) · ACEReSearch Repository (Australian Council for Educational Research) · Cited by 1,930
DiClemente, C. C., Prochaska, J. O., Fairhurst, S., et al. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.2.295 · Cited by 1,838
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Bandura A., 1991, Adaption, Learning and Affect, 226
- Kahn D. A., 1997, Consensus Methods in Practice Guideline Development, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 33, 631
- Linacre J. M., 2002, Winsteps Manual
- Smith R. M., 1996, Polytomous Mean‐Square Fit Statistics, Rasch Measurement Transactions, 10, 516
- Winsteps, 2002, Winsteps: Rasch Model Statistical Software
- Wright B. D., 1979, Best Test Design
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 1,008
Burk-Rafel, J., Sebok-Syer, S. S., Santen, S. A., Jiang, J., Caretta-Weyer, H. A., Iturrate, E., Kelleher, M., Warm, E. J., Schumacher, D. J., & Kinnear, B. (2023) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.5334/pme.1013 · Cited by 38
Digital Transformation in Healthcare: Insights on Value Creation
Ghosh, K., Dohan, M. S., Veldandi, H., & Garfield, M. J. (2022) · Journal of Computer Information Systems · doi:10.1080/08874417.2022.2070798 · Cited by 53
“Patient activation refers to a patient’s knowledge, skills, ability, and willingness to manage his or her own health and care.(21) Shared decision making, a hallmark of patient autonomy, entails the reaching of a consensus between physician and patient for a plan of treatment.”
BackgroundGhouri, A. M., Khan, H. U. R., Mani, V., Haq, M. A. U., & Jabbour, A. B. L. D. S. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113980 · Cited by 42
Yadav, U. N., Hosseinzadeh, H., & Baral, K. (2017) · Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health · doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2017.10.004 · Cited by 33
Velez-Bermudez, M. E., Christensen, A. J., Kinner, E. M., Roche, A. I., & Fraer, M. (2018) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kay091 · Cited by 38
“Participants with low scores tend to experience negative thoughts when having to think about their own health, whereas those with higher scores will be focused on achieving positive health goals without feeling overwhelmed [24, 32].”
BackgroundMethodMiller, V., Davies, M. J., Etherton‐Beer, C., McGough, S., Schofield, D., Jensen, J. F., & Watson, N. (2019) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2019.10.013 · Cited by 38
Golubinski, V., Oppel, E., & Schreyögg, J. (2020) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2020.05.005 · Cited by 43
A Randomized Trial of Peer-Delivered Self-Management Support for Hypertension
Whittle, J., Schapira, M. M., Fletcher, K. E., Hayes, A., Morzinski, J. A., Laud, P. W., Eastwood, D. C., Ertl, K., Patterson, L., & Mosack, K. E. (2014) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpu058 · Cited by 38
Aung, E., Donald, M., Coll, J. R., Williams, G. M., & Doi, S. A. R. (2016) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12359 · Cited by 37
Substance Use and the Quality of Patient-Provider Communication in HIV Clinics
Korthuis, P., Saha, S., Chander, G., McCarty, D., Moore, R. D., Cohn, J. A., Sharp, V., & Beach, M. (2011) · Aids and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9779-8 · Cited by 39
“patient’s knowledge, skill, and confidence in managing a chronic illness [46].”
BackgroundMoore, J. E., Titler, M. G., Low, L. K., Dalton, V. K., & Sampselle, C. M. (2015) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2015.02.002 · Cited by 37
“The second component, activation, is defined byHibbard et al. (2004) as the ability or readiness of a person to engage in health behaviors that will maintain or improve their health status.”
BackgroundWeenink, J.-W., Braspenning, J. C. C., & Wensing, M. (2014) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/1471-2296-15-88 · Cited by 37
“The PAM-13 consists of 13 items that evaluates a patient’s knowledge, skills and confidence to manage their own health [12].”
BackgroundJacobson, A. F., Sumodi, V., Albert, N. M., Butler, R. S., DeJohn, L., Walker, D., Dion, K., Tai, H.-L. L., & Ross, D. M. (2018) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2018.05.021 · Cited by 37
Warrington, L., Absolom, K. L., Holch, P., Gibson, A., Clayton, B., & Velikova, G. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025185 · Cited by 37
Liss, D. T., Ackermann, R. T., Cooper, A., Finch, E. A., Hurt, C., Lancki, N., Rogers, A., Sheth, A., Teter, C., & Schaeffer, C. (2019) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-019-05078-4 · Cited by 38
Park, B., Frank, B., Likumahuwa-Ackman, S., Brodt, E., Gibbs, B., Hofkamp, H., & DeVoe, J. E. (2019) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000002833 · Cited by 39
Person-centered peritoneal dialysis prescription and the role of shared decision-making
Blake, P. G., & Brown, E. A. (2020) · Peritoneal Dialysis International · doi:10.1177/0896860819893803 · Cited by 37
“The concept of “patient activation” is widely discussed and is clearly a huge challenge.(3,4) It is associated with improved outcomes but some may argue that it is by its nature largely confined to more educated and confident people.”
BackgroundMethodStewart, M. T., Hogan, T. P., Nicklas, J., Robinson, S. A., Purington, C., Miller, C. J., Vimalananda, V. G., Connolly, S. L., Wolfe, H. L., Nazi, K. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/17744 · Cited by 38
“Hibbard [4] conceptualized patient engagement as degrees of active involvement in their care, termed patient activation.”
BackgroundEsmaeilzadeh, P., Dharanikota, S., & Mirzaei, T. (2021) · Information Technology and People · doi:10.1108/itp-05-2020-0316 · Cited by 40
Are Health Literacy and Patient Activation Related to Health Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients?
Kanu, C., Brown, C. M., Rascati, K. L., Moczygemba, L. R., Mackert, M., & Wilfong, L. S. (2021) · HLRP Health Literacy Research and Practice · doi:10.3928/24748307-20210524-02 · Cited by 37
“Self-care is one of the mechanisms through which health literacy influences health outcomes (Paasche-Orlow & Wolf, 2007), and the factors that drive self-care (motivation, problem-solving, selfefficacy, knowledge, and skills) are embodied in patient activation (Hibbard et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialDeCamp, L. R., Leifheit, K. M., Shah, H., Valenzuela-Araujo, D., Sloand, E., Polk, S., & Cheng, T. L. (2016) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.003 · Cited by 37
“P-PAM responses were converted to activation scores ranging from 0 to 100 using the same methodology as for the PAM [5].”
MethodMeraz, R., McGee, J. S., Caldwell, E. P., Ke, W., & Osteen, K. A. (2022) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000000948 · Cited by 36
Lunardi, L. E., Hill, K., Xu, Q., Leu, R. K. L., & Bennett, P. N. (2023) · Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing · doi:10.1111/wvn.12634 · Cited by 37
Advancing Patient-Centered Shared Decision-Making with AI Systems for Older Adult Cancer Patients
Hao, Y., Liu, Z., Riter, R. N., & Kalantari, S. (2024) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642353 · Cited by 50
“…for patient–clinician interactions, SDM-based technological platforms can be suitable in some cases to help patients learn about their options in more detail and better understand the potential consequences of treatment choices, while easing pressure on clinicians’ communication skills [4, 46].”
den Bosch, F. E. V., Östör, A. J. K., Wassenberg, S., Chen, N., Wang, C., Garg, V., & Kalabic, J. (2017) · Rheumatology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40744-017-0061-7 · Cited by 36
“Patient Activation Measure (PAM)—13 Patient’s expectations regarding PSP and health management was measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13), which is a 13-item instrument that assesses self-reported knowledge, skills, and confidence for self-management [14].”
MethodL’e-santé rend-elle la démocratie sanitaire pleinement performative ?
Dumez, H., & Minvielle, É. (2017) · Systèmes d information & management · doi:10.3917/sim.171.0009 · Cited by 36
The Female Self‐Advocacy in Cancer Survivorship Scale: A validation study
Thomas, T. H., Cohen, S. M., Rosenzweig, M. Q., Zorn, K. K., Stone, C. A., & Donovan, H. S. (2017) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.13498 · Cited by 36
Self-directed therapy programmes for arm rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review
DaSilva, R., Moore, S. A., & Price, C. (2018) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215518775170 · Cited by 36
Patient Activation Related to Fall Prevention: A Multisite Study
Christiansen, T., Lipsitz, S. R., Scanlan, M., Yu, S. P., Lindros, M. E., Leung, W. Y., Adelman, J. S., Bates, D. W., & Dykes, P. C. (2020) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/j.jcjq.2019.11.010 · Cited by 36
Patient activation level and its associated factors in adults with chronic pain
Yao, F., Zheng, M., Wang, X., Ji, S., Li, S., Xu, G., & Zheng, Z. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000025929 · Cited by 36
“Patient activation refers to one’s internal readiness and capability to undertake health promoting actions.([1]) It plays an important role in contemporary healthcare as it shifts from a disease-centred system to amore patient-centredmodel.”
Dahlgren, A., Bjørndal, A., Odgaard‐Jensen, J., & Helseth, S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037715 · Cited by 40
“domains (believing the patient role is important, having confidence and knowledge necessary to taking action, actually taking action to improve one’s health, and staying the course under stress) which are measured by a total of 13 items [56,57].”
BackgroundUnderstanding Sustained Retention in HIV/AIDS Care and Treatment: a Synthetic Review
Roy, M., Czaicki, N., Holmes, C., Chavan, S., Tsitsi, A., Odeny, T., Sikazwe, I., Padian, N., & Geng, E. (2016) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0317-9 · Cited by 35
Boehmer, K. R., Gallacher, K., Lippiett, K. A., Mair, F. S., May, C. R., & Montori, V. M. (2022) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.09.003 · Cited by 38
Paukkonen, L., Oikarinen, A., Kähkönen, O., & Kaakinen, P. (2022) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.735 · Cited by 35
“Specifically, patient activation entails having the knowledge and skills to manage one's own health and healthcare, and confidence in managing health‐related tasks.(22,23) According to the construct of patient activation more highly activated individuals believe that their role in managing their own health is importan…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialZhu, Y., Song, Y., Wang, Y., Ji, H., Wang, D., Cai, S., & Wang, A. (2022) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.09.008 · Cited by 35
Hadgkiss, E. J., Jelinek, G. A., Taylor, K. L., Marck, C. H., van der Meer, D. M., Pereira, N. G., & Weiland, T. J. (2015) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-015-2089-1 · Cited by 35
“Self-efficacy and patient activation have positive associations with healthy lifestyle behaviors, better QOL and functional status, fewer health visits, and decreased depressive symptoms [7–9].”
BackgroundGray, C. S., Wodchis, W. P., Upshur, R. E. G., Cott, C. A., McKinstry, B., Mercer, S. W., Palen, T. E., Ramsay, T., & Thavorn, K. (2016) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.5756 · Cited by 35
“PAM classifies self-management capability into one of four categories ranging from only belief that their role as a patient is important, to certainty that they can take action even when under stress [54].”
Use of a Wearable Activity Device in Rural Older Obese Adults
Batsis, J. A., Naslund, J. A., Gill, L. E., Masutani, R. K., Agarwal, N., & Bartels, S. J. (2016) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1177/2333721416678076 · Cited by 39
Jayakumar, P., Di, J., Fu, J., Craig, J., Joughin, V., Nadarajah, V., Cope, J., Bankes, M. J. K., Earnshaw, P. H., & Shah, Z. (2017) · JBJS Open Access · doi:10.2106/jbjs.oa.16.00023 · Cited by 35
Tai‐Seale, M., Downing, N. L., Goel, V. V., Milani, R. V., Zhao, B., Clay, B. J., Sharp, C., Chan, A. S., & Longhurst, C. (2019) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05027 · Cited by 35
Kearns, R., Harris‐Roxas, B., McDonald, J., Song, H. J., Dennis, S. M., & Harris, M. (2020) · Integrated Healthcare Journal · doi:10.1136/ihj-2019-000032 · Cited by 35
Helvaci, A., & Metin, Z. G. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14505 · Cited by 35
Telemedicine in Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Verbraecken, J. A. (2021) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.05.009 · Cited by 39
Rosland, A.-M. M., Piette, J. D., TRIVEDI, R. B., Lee, A. A., STOLL, S. C., Youk, A. O., Obrosky, D. S., Deverts, D. J., Kerr, E. A., & Heisler, M. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.37960 · Cited by 38
Jowsey, T., Pearce-Brown, C. L., Douglas, K. A., & Yen, L. E. (2011) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00744.x · Cited by 44
Terry, P. E., Fowles, J. B., Xi, M., & Harvey, L. (2011) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.091029-quan-348 · Cited by 38
van Schie, D., Castelein, S., van der Bijl, J., Meijburg, R., Stringer, B., & van Meijel, B. (2016) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.13023 · Cited by 35
Can attention control conditions have detrimental effects on behavioral medicine randomized trials?
Pagoto, S. L., McDermott, M. M., Reed, G., Greenland, P., Mazor, K. M., Ockene, J. K., Whited, M., Schneider, K., Appelhans, B., Leung, K., et al. (2013) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3182765dd2 · Cited by 35
“The 13-item Patient Activation Measure assesses the degree to which patients believe it is important for them to influence their health care, patient confidence in their ability to influence their health care, the degree to which patients take action to influence their health care, and patient confidence that they can…”
BackgroundCare Coordination Program For Washington State Medicaid Enrollees Reduced Inpatient Hospital Costs
Xing, J., Goehring, C., & Mancuso, D. (2015) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0655 · Cited by 34
Creber, R. M., Prey, J. E., Ryan, B., Alarcon, I. J., Qian, M., Henry, S. B., Feiner, S., Hripcsak, G. M., Polubriaginof, F. C. G., Restaino, S. W., et al. (2016) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2016.01.005 · Cited by 34
“assessment [69] Activation level”
Mackintosh, N. J., Davis, R. E., Easter, A., Rayment‐Jones, H., Sevdalis, N., Wilson, S., Adams, M., & Sandall, J. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012829 · Cited by 35
Anticipating ageing: Older adults reading their medical records
Huvila, I., Enwald, H., Eriksson‐Backa, K., Hirvonen, N., Nguyen, H. V., & Scandurra, I. (2018) · Information Processing & Management · doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2018.01.007 · Cited by 35
“In general, patient engagement refers to the level of patients’ activation: an engaged patient as “an active agent in the management of his/her own health” (Hibbard et al., 2004).”
McDonall, J., de Steiger, R. N., Reynolds, J., Redley, B., Livingston, P. M., Hutchinson, A. F., & Botti, M. A. (2019) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008975 · Cited by 34
Adaptation of a patient activatıon measure (PAM) into Turkish: reliability and validity test
Koşar, C., & Besen, D. B. (2019) · African Health Sciences · doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i1.58 · Cited by 34
Glenn, L. E., Nichols, M. G., Enriquez, M., & Jenkins, C. M. (2019) · Public Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/phn.12693 · Cited by 35
“Throughout this continuum, patients maintain active roles in their health care and have the opportunity to become increasingly more confident in self-managing health problems with minimal interference in everyday life activities (Hibbard et al., 2004; Rask et al., 2009; Rijken, Heijmans, Jansen, & Rademakers, 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialItalian Consensus Statement on Patient Engagement in Chronic Care: Process and Outcomes
Graffigna, G., Barello, S., Riva, G., Corbo, M., Damiani, G., Iannone, P., Bosio, A. C., & Ricciardi, W. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17114167 · Cited by 34
“This concept relates not only to patients behaviors [43] along their healthcare journey, but it also refers to the motivations and feelings which are linked to the patient engagement experience.”
BackgroundWong, S. T., & Haggerty, J. L. (2014) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0048528 · Cited by 34
Yarborough, B. J. H., Leo, M. C., Stumbo, S. P., Perrin, N., & Green, C. A. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-238 · Cited by 35
“Patient Activation Measure (PAM) [56] x x x x”
BackgroundInfluentialRiippa, I., Linna, M., & Rönkkö, I. (2014) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3462 · Cited by 33
“…activation draws on psychological theories of health locus of control [16], self-efficacy in self-managing behaviors [17], and readiness to change health-related behaviors [18], but it also incorporates competency elements specifically related to the self-management of a chronic illness [19].”
Measuring Youth Health Engagement: Development of the Youth Engagement With Health Services Survey
Sebastian, R. A., Ramos, M. M., Stumbo, S. P., McGrath, J., & Fairbrother, G. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.02.008 · Cited by 36
Chapman, L. S. (2008) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-22.5.tahp-1 · Cited by 33
Choudhry, N. K., Isaac, T., Lauffenburger, J. C., Gopalakrishnan, C., Khan, N. F., Lee, M., Vachon, A., Iliadis, T. L., Hollands, W., Doheny, S., et al. (2016) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2016.07.017 · Cited by 35
“At this time, they were also administered the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), a questionnaire to assess the knowledge, skills, and confidence to manage one's health and health care.(22,23) As described below, the PAM was subsequently used to tailor the intervention for that individual”
MethodMayer, D. K., Deal, A. M., Crane, J. M., Chen, R. C., Asher, G. N., Hanson, L. C., Wheeler, S. B., Gerstel, A., Green, M. J., Birken, S. A., et al. (2016) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/16.onf.636-645 · Cited by 33
Use of a Patient Portal During Hospital Admissions to Surgical Services.
Robinson, J. R., Davis, S. E., Cronin, R. M., & Jackson, G. P. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 32
Mobile Integrated Healthcare Intervention and Impact Analysis with a Medicare Advantage Population
Roeper, B., Mocko, J., O’Connor, L. M., Zhou, J., Castillo, D. J., & Beck, E. H. (2017) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2017.0130 · Cited by 33
“This 13-item measure segments patients into one of 4 activation levels and is not condition-specific; it quantifies a person’s ability to manage and advocate for his or her own health and requisite care based on his or her related knowledge, skills, and confidence.(20) Significant evidence exists linking higher PAM sc…”
BackgroundHessler, D., Fisher, L., Polonsky, W. H., Bowyer, V., & Potter, M. (2018) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.04.009 · Cited by 35
Vijn, T. W., Wollersheim, H. C. H., Faber, M. J., Fluit, C. R. M. G., & Kremer, J. A. M. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3200-0 · Cited by 34
Fauer, A. J., Hoodin, F., LaLonde, L., Errickson, J., Runaas, L., Churay, T. L., Seyedsalehi, S., Warfield, C., Chappell, G., Brookshire, K., et al. (2018) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-018-4450-4 · Cited by 32
A Texting Intervention in Latino Families to Reduce ED Use: A Randomized Trial
DeCamp, L. R., Godage, S. K., Valenzuela-Araujo, D., Cortez, J. D., Wu, L., Psoter, K. J., Quintanilla, K., Rodríguez, T. R., & Polk, S. (2019) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1405 · Cited by 32
Jayakumar, P., Teunis, T., Vranceanu, A., Williams, M. A., Lamb, S. E., Ring, D., & Gwilym, S. E. (2019) · The Bone & Joint Journal · doi:10.1302/0301-620x.102b1.bjj-2019-0421.r1 · Cited by 33
Efficacy of Mobile Health for Self-management of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Delva, S., Mendez, K. J. W., Cajita, M., Koirala, B., Shan, R., Wongvibulsin, S., Vilariño, V., Gilmore, D. R., & Han, H. (2020) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000000659 · Cited by 38
Families’ Experiences With Family Navigation Services in the Autism Treatment Network
Crossman, M. K., Lindly, O. J., Chan, J. G. M., Eaves, M., Kuhlthau, K. A., Parker, R. A., Coury, D. L., Zand, D. H., Nowinski, L. A., Smith, K. A., et al. (2020) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1895i · Cited by 34
Adherence to Dysphagia Treatment Recommendations: A Conceptual Model
Krekeler, B. N., Vitale, K., Yee, J. P., Powell, W. R., & Rogus‐Pulia, N. M. (2020) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00270 · Cited by 38
“Activation has been measured through administration of the Patient Activation Measure, a valid and reliable measure with good psychometric properties (Hibbard et al., 2004).”
MethodShnaigat, M., Downie, S. R., & Hosseinzadeh, H. (2022) · Australian Journal of Rural Health · doi:10.1111/ajr.12828 · Cited by 35
Patient Activation Status as a Predictor of Patient Experience Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Heller, A., Elliott, M. N., Haviland, A. M., Klein, D. J., & Kanouse, D. E. (2009) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e318197b661 · Cited by 33
Jiang, S., & Hong, Y. (2017) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4598 · Cited by 33
“Patient activation was measured by 6 items, drawn from Hibbard and colleagues' Patient Activation Measure.16 Respondents were asked how often they (1) asked doctors to explain a test, treatment, or procedure in detail; (2) read information about a new prescription, such as side effects and precautions; (3) did researc…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAcquati, C., Hibbard, J. H., Miller‐Sonet, E., Zhang, A., & Ionescu, E. (2021) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-021-01085-9 · Cited by 32
Self-citationBlood, A. J., Chang, L., Hassan, S., Chasse, J., Stern, G. M., Gabovitch, D., Zelle, D., Colling, C., Aronson, S., Figueroa, C., et al. (2024) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.124.069494 · Cited by 32
Results of the Promoting Effective Advance Care Planning for Elders (PEACE) Randomized Pilot Study
Radwany, S. M., Hazelett, S. E., Allen, K. R., Kropp, D. J., Ertle, D., Albanese, T. H., Fosnight, S., & Moore, P. S. (2013) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2013.0017 · Cited by 32
Mayer, D. K., Ratichek, S. J., Berhe, H., Stewart, S. K., Mctavish, F. M., Gustafson, D. H., & Parsons, S. K. (2009) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-009-0108-z · Cited by 32
“This activation is akin to the patient activation in chronic illness management where the individual learns enough and develops the confidence to act on his/her own behalf [3, 4].”
BackgroundAung, E., Donald, M., Williams, G. M., Coll, J. R., & Doi, S. A. R. (2015) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzv001 · Cited by 32
“Patient activation was assessed using the 13-item Patient Activation Measure (PAM), with each item scored using a four-point scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) and yielding a total raw score between 13 and 52 [13, 31].”
BackgroundMethodPregnancy as a “golden opportunity” for patient activation and engagement
Yee, L. M., Simon, M. A., Grobman, W. A., & Rajan, P. V. (2020) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.09.024 · Cited by 32
Low patient activation levels in frail older adults: a cross-sectional study
Overbeek, A., Rietjens, J. A. C., Jabbarian, L. J., Severijnen, J., Swart, S. J., van der Heide, A., & Korfage, I. J. (2018) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0696-9 · Cited by 32
“Patient activation refers to the motivation, knowledge, skills and confidence that equip adults to be actively engaged in their health and healthcare [9].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialImplementation of a Stress Intervention with Latino Immigrants in a Non-traditional Migration City
Jacquez, F., Vaughn, L. M., & Suarez-Cano, G. (2018) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-018-0732-7 · Cited by 35
Illness Representation and Self-Care Ability in Older Adults with Chronic Disease
Rivera, E., Corte, C. M., Steffen, A. D., DeVon, H. A., Collins, E. G., & McCabe, P. J. (2018) · Geriatrics · doi:10.3390/geriatrics3030045 · Cited by 32
“To test construct validity, the instrument authors found self-care activation to be positively correlated with the SF-8 Health Survey, as well as performance of health behaviors such as healthy diet, regular exercise, and disease-specific treatment adherence [30].”
BackgroundMethodStabile, C., Temple, L. K. F., Ancker, J. S., Basch, E., Carter, J., Miranda, M., Stein, D. J., Stetson, P. D., Vickers, A. J., Simon, B. A., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030863 · Cited by 32
“Patient engagement, patient anxiety and caregiver burden Patient engagement is evaluated preoperatively, as well as at 14 days (window of 11–21 days) and 60 days (window of 46–74 days) postoperatively using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), a validated PRO measure developed to assess the engagement of patients in…”
MethodMunce, S., Guetterman, T. C., & Jaglal, S. B. (2020) · Journal of Mixed Methods Research · doi:10.1177/1558689820901936 · Cited by 32
“…evolve over time and a different selfmanagement program is likely needed for older individuals with chronic SCI. Readiness/timing is considered a particularly important implementation consideration given its importance in self-management, in general (Hibbard et al., 2004; Hibbard et al., 2005).”
BackgroundMELMED, G. Y., Oliver, B. J., Hou, J. K., Lum, D. F., Singh, S., Crate, D. J., Almario, C. V., Bray, H., Bresee, C. J., Gerich, M. E., et al. (2021) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001547 · Cited by 32
“Patients were also asked to rate health confidence on a 0–10 Likert scale, which has been associated with ED visits, hospitalizations, and resource utilization across multiple non-IBD disease states (16,17).”
BackgroundPatient Activation and Disability in Upper Extremity Illness
Gruber, J. S., Hageman, M., Neuhaus, V., Mudgal, C. S., Jupiter, J. B., & Ring, D. (2014) · The Journal Of Hand Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.03.042 · Cited by 32
Joplin, S., van der Zwan, R., Bagga, H., Joshua, F., & Wong, P. K. K. (2014) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/1756-185x.12402 · Cited by 32
Muralidharan, A., Brown, C. H., Peer, J. E., Klingaman, E. A., Hack, S. M., Li, L., Walsh, M. B., & Goldberg, R. W. (2018) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201800162 · Cited by 32
High Patient Activation Is Associated With Remission in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Barnes, E. L., Long, M. D., Kappelman, M. D., Martin, C. F., & Sandler, R. S. (2018) · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · doi:10.1093/ibd/izy378 · Cited by 32
van der Veer, S. N., Aresi, G., & Gair, R. (2017) · Clinical Kidney Journal · doi:10.1093/ckj/sfx106 · Cited by 32
“Collection of patient-reported symptom data For data collection, all units used the Patient Outcome Scalesymptom module for renal disease [27], which was combined with the EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) [28] and the Patient Activation Measure [29] into one survey.”
MethodKiely, B. T., Connolly, D., Clyne, B., Boland, F., O’Donnell, P., Shea, E., & Smith, S. M. (2021) · Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity · doi:10.1177/26335565211017781 · Cited by 31
Vitger, T., Hjorthøj, C. R., Austin, S. F., Petersen, L., Tønder, E. S., Nordentoft, M., & Korsbek, L. (2022) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/40292 · Cited by 31
“…on patient activation with the conceptualization that active patients consider their own role in the treatment to be important, are engaged in managing their own health and care, feel confident when collaborating with their provider, and have the knowledge and skills to manage their condition [9].”
Samra, H. A., McGrath, J. M., Fischer, S., Schumacher, B., Dutcher, J., & Hansen, J. (2015) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/1552-6909.12535 · Cited by 31
Measuring caregiver activation for health care: Validation of PBH-LCI:D
Sadak, T. I., Korpak, A. M., & Soo Borson, B. (2015) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.03.003 · Cited by 31
Skolasky, R. L., Riley, L. H., Maggard, A. M., Bedi, S., & Wegener, S. T. (2013) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2013.06.018 · Cited by 31
“A previous report of the use of this questionnaire has revealed an average of 55 points (range of 40 to 80) [5].”
BackgroundInfluentialPerceived control in health care: A conceptual model based on experiences of frail older adults
Claassens, L., Widdershoven, G. A. M., van Rhijn, S. C., van Nes, F., Groenou, M. I. B. V., Deeg, D. J. H., & Huisman, M. A. (2014) · Journal of Aging Studies · doi:10.1016/j.jaging.2014.09.008 · Cited by 32
“selfmanagement of symptoms (Hibbard et al., 2004), the attitudes of and relationship with health care professionals (Bastiaens et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialMoving Beyond the Walls of the Clinic
Fraiche, A. M., Eapen, Z. J., & McClellan, M. (2017) · JACC Heart Failure · doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2016.11.013 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Hibbard, J. H., Stockard, J., Mahoney, E. R., & Tusler, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hibbard, Judith H.
- Venue
- Health Services Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-06-28
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4p1
- Pages
- 1005-1026
- ISSN
- 0017-9124 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-6773
- PMC
- PMC1361049
- OpenAlex
- W1926404136
- Cited by
- 2,748
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 136 · 2025: 217 · 2024: 227 · 2023: 203 · 2022: 233 · 2021: 235 · 2020: 184 · 2019: 182 · 2018: 186 · 2017: 172 · 2016: 172 · 2015: 147 · 2014: 114 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 18.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Health Services Research (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholars' Bank (University of Oregon) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Keywords
- Patient Activation Measure, patient activation, psychometric validation, Rasch analysis, scale development, chronic disease, health behavior change, healthcare quality improvement
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Patient Education as Topic, Patient Participation, Pilot Projects, Primary Prevention, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, United States, Reproducibility of Results
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
