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Long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: new insights into mechanisms relating to inflammation and coronary heart disease
Open accessAbstract
Evidence from observational studies, prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical intervention studies indicate that moderate doses of long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n‐3 PUFA) significantly decrease risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD). Higher doses and longer duration of intervention may also protect from non‐fatal CHD events. The exact mechanisms through which LC n‐3 PUFA has an effect on CHD are not well established but may include a decrease in fasting and postprandial triacylglycerol levels, a decrease in arrhythmias, modulation of platelet aggregation and decreased synthesis of pro‐inflammatory agents. The mechanistic relation between LC n‐3 PUFA and inflammation has attracted great interest, and in vitro studies have revealed that these fatty acids decrease endothelial activation, affect eicosanoid metabolism (including epoxygenation pathways) and induce inflammatory resolution. However, the effects of LC n‐3 PUFA on established biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation in vivo are not strong. Consequently we need new and more sensitive and systemic biomarkers to reveal the effects of LC n‐3 PUFA on localized inflammatory processes.
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“However, reduction in atherosclerosis in animal models or humans by administration of OM3FAs has not been convincingly demonstrated [8, 11].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- de Roos, B., Mavrommatis, Y., & Brouwer, I. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Venue
- British Journal of Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-08-28
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 413-428
- ISSN
- 0007-1188 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5381
- PMC
- PMC2757681
- OpenAlex
- W2148516429
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 209
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 1.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Scottish Government
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, coronary artery disease, inflammation, inflammation resolution, endothelial activation, eicosanoid metabolism, triglycerides, cardiac arrhythmias, platelet aggregation, biomarkers of inflammation, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Coronary Disease, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Inflammation, Biomarkers, Fatty Acids, Omega-3
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