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Cited by 174Geological and Geochemical AnalysisHigh-pressure geophysics and materialsGeochemistry and Elemental Analysis

The lawsonite paradox: A comparison of field evidence and mineral equilibria modelling

CLARKE, G. L., POWELL, R., FITZHERBERT, J. A.·2006·Journal of Metamorphic Geology
DOI 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2006.00664.x
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Abstract

Abstract Lawsonite equilibria are predicted to occur over a broad P–T spectrum developed during subduction, yet lawsonite‐bearing assemblages are rare. In the context of mafic mineral equilibria modelled for the range of common crustal metamorphism (4–23 kbar, 400–750 °C) using the system Na2O‐CaO‐K2O‐FeO‐MgO‐Al2O3‐SiO2‐H2O and the software thermocalc, unusually high water contents are demanded by lawsonite assemblages. As a consequence, lawsonite assemblages are predicted to have difficulty forming and lawsonite equilibria to be uncommon. Metabasalt undergoing cooler subduction may experience substantial periods involving the metastable persistence of mineral assemblages because of water under‐saturation with non‐occurrence of recrystallization. If formed, lawsonite‐bearing assemblages are observed to be highly unstable; their preservation requires that exhumation be accompanied by substantial cooling. The amount of structurally bound H2O in minerals plays a critical role in the formation and preservation of mineral assemblages, controlling key changes in rocks undergoing subduction.

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  • Glaucophane-rich assemblages stabilize along geothermal gradients of ~150-350 °C/GPa and to a maximum temperature of ~500-550 °C, characterizing shallow levels of subduction zones.

    “Such glaucophane-rich assemblages stabilize along geothermal gradients of ~150-350 °C/GPa and to a maximum temperature of ~500-550 °C (Fig. 7; Maruyama et al., 1996;Clarke et al., 2006;Palin and White, 2016); thus, they characterize the shallow levels of subduction zones.”

    From Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth (2020) · cites this paper as Clarke et al., 2006

  • The lawsonite paradox is explained by exceptional conditions (high free water at high pressure) necessary to form and preserve lawsonite during exhumation.

    “Existing explanations for theuncommon occurrences of lawsonite-bearing lithologiesthe socalled the lawsonite paradoxrely on the exceptional conditions (i.e. a high amount of free water at high pressure) thought necessary to form and preserve lawsonite during exhumation (Zack et al., 2004;Clarke et al., 2006;Whitney and Davis, 2006;Tsujimori et al., 2006;Wei and Clarke, 2011).”

    From Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth (2020) · cites this paper as Clarke et al., 2006

  • Experimental petrology and phase equilibrium modeling suggest lawsonite-bearing rocks should be common in the rock record, but natural samples are relatively rare.

    “While experimental petrology and phase equilibrium modeling suggest that lawsonite-bearing rocks should be common in the rock record (Schmidt and Poli, 1998;Clarke et al., 2006), natural samples are relatively rare (Tsujimori and Ernst, 2014).”

    From Secular change and the onset of plate tectonics on Earth (2020) · cites this paper as Clarke et al., 2006

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Authors
CLARKE, G. L., POWELL, R., & FITZHERBERT, J. A.
Affiliations
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Metamorphic Geology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-09-12
Volume
24
Issue
8
Pages
715-725
ISSN
  • 0263-4929 (ISSN-L)
  • 1525-1314
DOI
10.1111/j.1525-1314.2006.00664.x
OpenAlex
W2002242075
Cited by
174
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
FWCI
4.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
Journal of Metamorphic Geology (publishedVersion)
Funders
Australian Research Council
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › High-pressure geophysics and materials
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
Keywords
lawsonite, subduction, crustal metamorphism, moisture content, metabasalt, exhumation, Thermo-Calc, pressure-temperature conditions

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