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Is Adenosine an Endogenous Anticonvulsant?
Abstract
Summary: The anticonvulsant properties of adenosine were tested pharmacologically on amygdala‐kindled seizure activity in rats. The adenosine analogue 2‐chloroadenosine and the adenosine uptake blocker papaverine both increased the latency to behavioral clonus as well as reduced the duration and severity of the clonic motor convulsion. Both drugs, however, failed to alter the postkindling afterdischarge (AD) threshold. Theophylline, an adenosine antagonist, had the opposite effects, prolonging the AD and motor seizure durations and facilitating partially kindled seizures, but again not altering the prekindling or postkindling AD thresholds of amygdala‐elicited seizures. In contrast, carbamazepine raised AD thresholds, suggesting that it does not produce its anticonvulsant effects through adenosine systems. Since endogenous adenosine can impede seizure spread and seizure continuation, but does not affect seizure initiation from the amygdala, perhaps endogenous adenosine has the special property of being brought into play as an anticonvulsant only by the seizure itself. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Die antikonvulsiven Eigenschaften von Adenosin wurden pharmakologisch an der Anfallsaktivität der Ratte nach Kindeln des Amygdalons bestimmt. Das Adenosin‐analogon 2‐Chloroadenosin und der Blocker der Adenosinaufnahme Papaverin steigerten die Latenz bis zum Auftreten eines klonischen Verhaltens und reduzierten die Dauer und Schwere der klonischen motorischen Krämpfe. Beide Medikamente waren jedoch nicht in der Lage, die Schwelle der Nachentladungen in der Nachkindlingphase zu verändern. Theophyllin, ein Adenosin Antagonist, hat gegenteilige Wirkungen; es verlängert díe Nachentladungen (AD) und die Dauer der motorischen Krämpfe und ermöglicht das Kindeln von Partialanfällen. Es änderte jedoch nicht die Schwellen für Nachentladungen vor und nach dem Kindeln von Anfällen des Amygdalon. Im Gegensatz hierzu erhöhte Carbamazepin die Schwelle der Nachentladungen; das läßt vermuten, daß es eine antikonvulsive Wirkung nicht über das Adenosin‐System entfaltet. Da Adenosin die Anfallsausbreitung und Dauer verhindert, aber nicht den Anfallsbeginn vom Amygdalon beeinflusst, besitzt das endogene Adenosin möglicherweise eine spezielle Fähigkeit, zum Antikonvulsivum erst durch den Anfall selbst gemacht zu werden.
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Cited by
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Adenosine: A potential mediator of seizure arrest and postictal refractoriness
During, M. J., & Spencer, D. D. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320504 · Cited by 476
Hagberg, H., Andersson, P., Lacarewicz, J., Jacobson, I., Butcher, S., & Sandberg, M. (1987) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb03419.x · Cited by 422
Metadata
- Authors
- Dragunow, M., Goddard, G. V., & Laverty, R.
- Venue
- Epilepsia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1985-10
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 480-487
- ISSN
- 0013-9580 (ISSN-L)
- 1528-1167
- OpenAlex
- W2049362144
- Cited by
- 245
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 10.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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