The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender Differences in Competition
Open accessAbstract
Negotiating in a highly competitive environment may prove particularly challenging for women. We describe three experimental studies that investigated and documented differences in the competitive behaviors of men and women. The first study examined gender differences in competitive performances. In a setting in which men and women performed at similar levels in single-sex competitions, men were found to outperform women in mixed-sex competitions. The second study focused on the decision of men and women to enter a competition. In a mixed-sex setting in which we found no gender differences in performance, many more men than women chose a compensation scheme in which they had to compete against others. Finally, we report the results of a recent study that examined an institutional intervention that may encourage more women to compete. Specifically, we found that a quota-like affirmative action environment in which women must be equally represented encourages many more women to compete. This response was greater than one would predict based solely on the increase in one's chances of winning and can be partially explained by the fact that the affirmative action competition was more gender specific.
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“Competitive environments that are associated with negative stereotypes implying women may not be able to Managing to clear the air 12”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Niederle & Vesterlund, 2008
Citations
Cites
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Do Women Shy Away From Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much?
Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L. (2007) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/qjec.122.3.1067 · Cited by 3,186
Self-citationPerformance in competitive environments: gender differences
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Niederle, M., & Lise Vesterlund, C. (2011) · Annual Review of Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125122 · Cited by 805
Self-citationManaging to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership
Hoyt, C. L., & Murphy, S. E. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.11.002 · Cited by 454
Marianne, B. (2011) · Handbook of labour economics · doi:10.1016/s0169-7218(11)02415-4 · Cited by 502
Gender differences in bargaining outcomes: A field experiment on discrimination
Castillo, M. E., Petrie, R., Torero, M. A., & Vesterlund, L. (2013) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2012.12.006 · Cited by 132
Self-citationKulik, C. T., & Olekalns, M. (2011) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311431307 · Cited by 134
Metadata
- Authors
- Niederle, M., & Vesterlund, L.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Niederle, Muriel
- Vesterlund, Lise
- ORCID
- Niederle, Muriel
- Venue
- Negotiation Journal
- Publisher
- MIT Press
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 447-463
- ISSN
- 0748-4526 (ISSN-L)
- 1571-9979
- OpenAlex
- W2076269294
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 13.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Negotiation Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Conflict Management and Negotiation
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Keywords
- gender differences, competition, competitive performance, compensation systems, affirmative action, gender quotas, institutional intervention
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