The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validation of the Chinese-Cantonese Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Comparison with the Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to validate the Chinese-Cantonese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and to compare it with the Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression (HRSD) as a screening tool for depressive disorders in general hospital in-patients. METHOD: The Chinese-Cantonese version of the HADS was administered to general hospital in-patients seen on a consultation basis, and psychiatric diagnoses were made according to DSM-III-R. The subjects were further rated independently with the HRSD. RESULTS: The Chinese-Cantonese version of the HADS was found to have good internal consistency and external validity, with favourable sensitivity and specificity for screening for psychiatric disorders. However, its performance was marginally inferior to that of the HRSD. The scale also performed poorly in identifying major depression. CONCLUSION: The HADS has limitations with regard to identification of depressive disorders. However, despite its shortcomings, it remains one of the best paper-and-pencil tests for screening psychiatric disorders in the medically ill.
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“HADS was validated and the internal consistencies for anxiety subscale were 0.77 [60].”
From Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Caregivers of Frail Older Chinese Adults: A Study Protocol (2022) · cites this paper as [60]
Citations
Cites
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Self-citation
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Zhou, J., Zhu, X., Xu, J., Huang, C., & Liu, D. (2026) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2026.1744485
Fu, M., Chen, Y., Gong, L., Wang, Z., Fang, X., Duan, Y., & Li, X. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1810265
Sun, Z.-Y., Gong, H., Zhu, P.-Z., Xia, H.-G., Zhu, D.-Q., Zhang, H.-Q., Zhang, J.-H., & Wang, D.-B. (2026) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.119050
Tang, V. F. Y., Huang, Z., Jiang, D., Wen, Z., Zhu, A. Y. F., Vyas, L., Xie, H., Yu, P. L. H., So, M. K. P., Yu, J., et al. (2026) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9845879/v1
Ma, C. F., Tang, C. K., Chan, C. I. Y., Ho, G. W. K., Leung, S. F., Wong, F. K. N., Ngan, F., Yeung, L. T., Bressington, D. T., & Chan, S. K. W. (2026) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare14142231
Man, M. S. Y., Au, A. L. M., Cheng, C. C. W., Siew, M. K. Y., Liu, Y., Chan, K. Y., Chen, J., Chan, J. W. Y., Wing, Y. K., & Li, T. M. H. (2026) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0001615
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Metadata
- Authors
- Leung, C. M., Wing, Y. K., Kwong, P. K., & Shum, A. L. K.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Corresponding author
- Leung, C. M.
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 456-461
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2171811416
- Cited by
- 407
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 0.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, scale validation, depression screening, anxiety screening, psychiatric inpatients, medical patients, psychometric properties
- MeSH terms
- Adult, China, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Language, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results
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