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A comparison of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid‐ and its heptyl ester: dark cytotoxicity and protoporphyrin IX synthesis in human adenocarcinoma WiDr cells and in athymic nude mice healthy skin
Abstract
Abstract: 5‐aminolevulinic acid heptyl ester was investigated in human adenocarcinoma WiDr cells and in healthy skin of athymic nude mice in comparison with 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Incubation of WiDr cells with ALA and ALA heptyl ester resulted in production of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Concentrations higher than 0.01 m m of ALA heptyl ester and higher than 1 m m of ALA were cytotoxic. The dark cytotoxicity was not related to PpIX. Intracellular localization, photocytoxicity and photobleaching rate of PpIX were the same for both drugs, although a 100 times lower concentration of ALA heptyl ester (0.01 m m) was needed in comparison with ALA (1 m m) to induce the same level of PpIX. ALA heptyl ester, topically (but not systemically) applied, is a promising candidate for fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy. Special attention must be focused on the concentrations of ALA heptyl ester; as excess may lead to cytotoxicity and inefficient PpIX generation.
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In order to obtain comparable amount of PpIX with ALA-induced porphyrin accumulation, approximately 100 times less concentration of ALA heptyl ester is required.
“In order to obtain comparable amount of PpIX with ALA-induced porphyrin accumulation, approximately 100 times less concentration of ALA heptyl ester is required [71].”
From Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer (2011) · cites this paper as [71]
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Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) as a Prodrug in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer
Wachowska, M., Muchowicz, A., Firczuk, M., Gabrysiak, M., Winiarska, M., Wańczyk, M., Bojarczuk, K., & Golab, J. (2011) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules16054140 · Cited by 265
Current evidence and applications of photodynamic therapy in dermatology
Lin, J., & Wan, M. T. (2014) · Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s35334 · Cited by 248
Metadata
- Authors
- Pudroma, X., Moan, J., Ma, L., Iani, V., & Juzeniene, A.
- Affiliations
- Oslo University Hospital (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Juzeniene, Asta
- ORCID
- Juzeniene, Asta
- Venue
- Experimental Dermatology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-10-19
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 985-987
- ISSN
- 0906-6705 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0625
- OpenAlex
- W2062423697
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Experimental Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Kreftforeningen
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- 5-aminolevulinic acid, protoporphyrin IX, dark cytotoxicity, WiDr cells, photodynamic therapy, photodynamic diagnosis, photobleaching, topical application, skin, nude mice
- MeSH terms
- Adenocarcinoma, Aminolevulinic Acid, Animals, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Humans, Mice, Nude, Photochemotherapy, Protoporphyrins, Skin, Skin Neoplasms, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Reproducibility of Results, Photosensitizing Agents, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice
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