The DOI matches its Crossref record; 210 of the 210 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Therapeutic cancer vaccines: are we there yet?
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Enthusiasm for therapeutic cancer vaccines has been rejuvenated with the recent completion of several large, randomized phase III clinical trials that in some cases have reported an improvement in progression free or overall survival. However, an honest appraisal of their efficacy reveals modest clinical benefit and a frequent requirement for patients with relatively indolent cancers and minimal or no measurable disease. Experience with adoptive cell transfer‐based immunotherapies unequivocally establishes that T cells can mediate durable complete responses, even in the setting of advanced metastatic disease. Further, these findings reveal that the successful vaccines of the future must confront: (i) a corrupted tumor microenvironment containing regulatory T cells and aberrantly matured myeloid cells, (ii) a tumor‐specific T‐cell repertoire that is prone to immunologic exhaustion and senescence, and (iii) highly mutable tumor targets capable of antigen loss and immune evasion. Future progress may come from innovations in the development of selective preparative regimens that eliminate or neutralize suppressive cellular populations, more effective immunologic adjuvants, and further refinement of agents capable of antagonizing immune check‐point blockade pathways.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Additionally, whole tumor vaccines tend to exhibit poor immunogenicity. Consequently, the immune response elicited by these vaccines is often inadequate to confer significant benefits to patients, as demonstrated by the average outcomes observed in previous studies [150].”
From Current and Future Trends of Colorectal Cancer Treatment: Exploring Advances in Immunotherapy (2024) · cites this paper as [150]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)
Eisenhauer, E. A., Therasse, P., Bogaerts, J., Schwartz, L. H., Sargent, D., Ford, R., Dancey, J., Arbuck, S., Gwyther, S., Mooney, M., et al. (2009) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.026 · Cited by 29,534
New Guidelines to Evaluate the Response to Treatment in Solid Tumors
Therasse, P., Arbuck, S. G., Eisenhauer, E. A., Wanders, J., Kaplan, R. S., Rubinstein, L., Verweij, J., Van Glabbeke, M., van Oosterom, A. T., Christian, M. C., et al. (2000) · JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/92.3.205 · Cited by 15,660
Improved Survival with Ipilimumab in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Hodi, F. S., O'Day, S. J., McDermott, D. F., Weber, R. W., Sosman, J. A., Haanen, J. B., Gonzalez, R., Robert, C., Schadendorf, D., Hassel, J. C., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1003466 · Cited by 15,155
Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Llovet, J. M., Ricci, S., Mazzaferro, V., Hilgard, P., Gane, E., Blanc, J.-F., de Oliveira, A. C., Santoro, A., Raoul, J.-L., Forner, A., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0708857 · Cited by 13,097
Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer
Davies, H., Bignell, G. R., Cox, C., Stephens, P., Edkins, S., Clegg, S., Teague, J., Woffendin, H., Garnett, M. J., Bottomley, W., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00766 · Cited by 10,674
Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions
Sallusto, F., Lenig, D., Förster, R., Lipp, M., & Lanzavecchia, A. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/44385 · Cited by 5,846 · cited 8×
“These results contrast with the recent experience of combining the same gp100 peptide with bolus IL-2 where an increased fre- quency of objective responses and a significant improvement in progression free survival were observed compared with IL-2 administration alone (29).”
BackgroundInfluentialDocetaxel plus Prednisone or Mitoxantrone plus Prednisone for Advanced Prostate Cancer
Tannock, I. F., de Wit, R., Berry, W. R., Horti, J., Pluzanska, A., Chi, K. N., Oudard, S., Théodore, C., James, N. D., Turesson, I., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa040720 · Cited by 5,735
Sipuleucel-T Immunotherapy for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Kantoff, P. W., Higano, C. S., Shore, N. D., Berger, E. R., Small, E. J., Penson, D. F., Redfern, C. H., Ferrari, A. C., Dreicer, R., Sims, R. B., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1001294 · Cited by 5,572
Petrylak, D. P., Tangen, C. M., Hussain, M., Lara, P. N., Jones, J. A., Taplin, M. E., Burch, P. A., Berry, D. L., Moinpour, C. M., Kohli, M., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa041318 · Cited by 3,665
Temsirolimus, Interferon Alfa, or Both for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Hudes, G. R., Carducci, M. A., Tomczak, P., Dutcher, J. P., Figlin, R. A., Kapoor, A., Starosławska, E., Sosman, J. A., McDermott, D. F., Bodrogi, I., et al. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa066838 · Cited by 3,645
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- 10.1172/JCI0216216 · DOI
- Overwijk W, 2009, Peptide/incomplete freund adjuvant emulsion depots are a graveyard for tumor antigen‐specific CD8(+) T cells, J Immunother, 32, 971
- Radvanyi L, 2008, Adoptive T‐cell therapy at the MD Anderson Cancer Center: early results and a promising future, J Immunother, 31, 924
- Higano C, 2009, A Phase III trial of GVAX immunotherapy for prostate cancer versus docetaxel plus prednisone in asymptomatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), American Society of Clinical Oncology 2009 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (2009)
- Small E, 2009, A phase III trial of GVAX immunotherapy for prostate cancer in combination with docetaxel versus docetaxel plus prednisone in symptomatic, castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), American Society of Clinical Oncology 2009 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (2009)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Adoptive cell transfer as personalized immunotherapy for human cancer
Rosenberg, S. A., & Restifo, N. P. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaa4967 · Cited by 2,559
Self-citationAdoptive immunotherapy for cancer: harnessing the T cell response
Restifo, N. P., Dudley, M. E., & Rosenberg, S. A. (2012) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3191 · Cited by 1,688
Self-citationCombining Radiotherapy and Cancer Immunotherapy: A Paradigm Shift
Formenti, S. C., & Demaria, S. (2013) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djs629 · Cited by 1,088
Dendritic-Cell-Based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines
Palucka, K., & Banchereau, J. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.07.004 · Cited by 869
Palucka, A. K., & Coussens, L. M. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.049 · Cited by 843
Metadata
- Authors
- Klebanoff, C. A., Acquavella, N., Yu, Z., & Restifo, N. P.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Restifo, Nicholas P.
- Venue
- Immunological Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-12-28
- Volume
- 239
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 27-44
- ISSN
- 0105-2896 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-065X
- PMC
- PMC3075547
- OpenAlex
- W2132361489
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 210
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 2.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Immunological Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 CA999999)
- National Cancer Institute (ZIABC010763, ZIABC011037)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- therapeutic cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfer, tumor microenvironment, regulatory T cells, myeloid cells, T cell exhaustion, tumor antigen loss, immune evasion, immunoadjuvant, immune checkpoint blockade, metastatic cancer, clinical trial efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adjuvants, Immunologic, Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte, Antigens, Neoplasm, Humans, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Treatment Outcome, Adoptive Transfer, Cancer Vaccines, Toll-Like Receptors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
