Comparative analysis of melanins and melanosomes produced by various coat color mutants
Abstract
Pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes of animals is influenced by a number of genes that modulate the activity of melanocytes, the intervention of enzymatic controls at different stages of the melanogenic process, and the physico-chemical properties of the final pigment. The results of combined phenotypic, ultrastructural, biochemical, and chemical analyses of hairs of a variety of defined genotypes on a common genetic background performed in this study are consistent with the view that pigmentation of dark to black hairs results from the incorporation of eumelanin pigments whereas that of yellow hairs results from the incorporation of eu- and pheomelanins. It is also clear that relatively minor differences in melanin content can have dramatic effects on visible hair color. A good correlation was found for expression of (and enzyme activities associated with) TRP1 and TRP2 with eumelanin synthesis and eumelanosome production.
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Combinatorial effects are observed in mouse models when double-mutant homozygous mice are compared to mice harboring homozygous mutations in either gene alone.
“Combinatorial effects are also observed in mouse models, when mutant melanogenic gene alleles being considered in double-mutant homozygous mice are compared to mice harboring homozygous mutations in either gene alone (Prota et al., 1995;Lehman et al., 2000).”
From Analysis of Cultured Human Melanocytes Based on Polymorphisms within the SLC45A2/MATP, SLC24A5/NCKX5, and OCA2/P Loci (2009) · cites this paper as Prota et al., 1995
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- Authors
- PROTA, G., LAMOREUX, M. L., MULLER, J., KOBAYASHI, T., NAPOLITANO, A., VINCENSI, M. R., SAKAI, C., & HEARING, V. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- HEARING, VINCENT J.
- Venue
- Pigment Cell Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1995-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 153-163
- ISSN
- 0893-5785 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0749
- OpenAlex
- W2074515433
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pigment Cell Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Hair Growth and Disorders
- Keywords
- melanin, melanosomes, eumelanin, pheomelanin, hair pigmentation, melanocyte differentiation, TRP-1, TRP-2, melanogenesis, black hair
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chemistry, Physical, Genotype, Hair, Hair Color, Melanins, Melanocytes, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred DBA, Microscopy, Electron, Mutation, Phenotype, Pigments, Biological, Mice, Chemical Phenomena
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